中美高等理科教育课程设置比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 07:42

本文选题：中美理科教育 + 课程设置　；参考：《湖南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：高等理科教育对于创新型人才的培养和创新型国家的创建具有十分重要的意义。作为高等理科教育的载体和中介桥梁，高等教育课程又对促进高等理科教育改革，提高高等理科教育质量起着重要作用。我国高等理科教育自1990年全国高等理科教育工作座谈会（简称“兰州会议”）之后取得了较为长足的发展。然而随着知识经济时代的到来，新的社会经济发展对高等理科教育提出了新的要求。如何提高高等教育质量，加速创新型人才的培养对于促进我国社会经济的发展和综合国力的提高有重大意义。美国的高等理科教育在世界学术和理科学科中处于领先地位，发展较为成熟。因此，本研究选取了中美高等院校中具有代表性的学校以及代表性的理科专业课程作为研究对象，从课程目标、课程结构、学分学时分布和课程评价等角度对中美两国高等理科教育课程设置进行了系统细致的比较和分析，发现我国高等理科教育存在课程目标不明确；课程结构不合理，包括通识课程过重、专业课程比例相对较小，必修课程和选修课程比例不合理，学生自主选择权较小；课程考核制度存在一定的缺陷；课程管理制度不够完善等问题。根据分析所得的问题，对比美国高等理科教育的经验，本文尝试提出了如下建议以促进我国高等理科教育的发展：根据教育目的和专业培养要求明确课程目标，使课程目标和高等理科教育的培养目标保持一致，并且是教育目标在实际教育教学活动中的载体；调整各部分课程比例，，使课程结构趋于合理化；完善课程考核制度，确保教育教学的质量；建立完善的课程管理制度。
[Abstract]:Higher science education is of great significance to the cultivation of innovative talents and the establishment of innovative country. As the carrier and intermediary bridge of higher science education, higher education curriculum plays an important role in promoting the reform of higher science education and improving the quality of higher science education. China's higher science education has made great progress since the National Symposium on higher Science Education (Lanzhou Conference) in 1990. However, with the arrival of knowledge economy, new social and economic development has put forward new requirements for higher science education. How to improve the quality of higher education and accelerate the cultivation of innovative talents is of great significance to promote the development of social economy and the overall national strength of our country. American higher science education is in the leading position in the world academic and science disciplines, and its development is relatively mature. Therefore, this study selects the representative schools and the representative science major curriculum as the research object, from the curriculum goal, the curriculum structure, This paper makes a systematic and detailed comparison and analysis of the curriculum of higher science education between China and the United States from the perspectives of credit hour distribution and curriculum evaluation. It is found that the curriculum objectives of higher science education in China are not clear, and the curriculum structure is unreasonable. Including general education curriculum overweight, professional curriculum proportion is relatively small, the proportion of required courses and elective courses is unreasonable, students' independent choice is small; the curriculum assessment system has certain defects; the curriculum management system is not perfect and so on. Based on the analysis of the problems and comparing the experience of American higher science education, this paper attempts to put forward the following suggestions to promote the development of higher science education in China: to define the curriculum objectives according to the educational objectives and the requirements of professional training, It is the carrier of educational objectives in actual education and teaching activities; adjust the proportion of each part of the curriculum to make the curriculum structure tend to rationalize; improve the curriculum assessment system, To ensure the quality of education and teaching; to establish a perfect curriculum management system.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G642.3

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