健康动机对大学生戒烟行为的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 15:12

本文选题：大学生 + 戒烟行为　；参考：《四川师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：健康动机是个体以健康为目标的内部动力,是影响个体戒烟行为等多种健康行为的一个关键因素。本研究分为两个分研究。研究一,自编戒烟健康动机量表,并进一步对大学生烟民戒烟健康动机的特点进行分析。根据Xu(2009)的健康动机理论模型中健康动机的结构维度,结合对文献综述的分析及开放式问卷调查的结果,编制出了戒烟健康动机初测量表。对6所学校521名大学生烟民初测量表的探索性因素分析与对5所学校469名大学生烟民正式量表的验证性因素分析。并对所测得的469名大学生烟民的戒烟健康动机的特点进行深入分析。研究二,戒烟健康动机影响大学生戒烟行为的实验研究。选取9所学校170名在校大学生烟民随机分为5组,分别为实验A组(1次干预组)、实验B组(2次干预组)、实验C组(3次干预组)、实验D组(4次干预组)、对照E组(无干预组)。各组干预前后均接受前测(To)、1周后测(T1)、后测1月后追踪测试(T2)共3次测试。本实验主要考察了两个内容。一是考察干预方案的作用机制。用结构方程模型来考察后测健康动机在后测健康知识和后测戒烟行为之间是否存在中介作用；同时用多组验证性因素分析来考察干预条件是否可间接通过后测健康动机对大学生后测吸烟行为产生作用。二是考察干预方案的长时效应和短时效应。分别以(T0、T1两次测量)及(T0、T2两次测量)中被试日均吸烟量CPD的差异量作为“短时效应”和“长时效应”的衡量指标。用方差分析比较5组被试的干预长时效应和短时效应。本研究的结果表明： (1)大学生戒烟健康动机的主要因素包括戒烟愿望、计划、行动、坚持4个方面,经验证这4个因素与构想模型拟合较好,所编制的量表具有较好的信、效度,该量表可以作为评价大学生烟民“戒烟健康动机”的适宜工具。 (2)大学生戒烟健康动机的特点：第一,总体上大学生的戒烟健康动机水平较低。为身体健康而有戒烟愿望的大学生较多,但是为身体健康计划戒烟、行动戒烟、坚持戒烟的大学生较少。第二,大学生戒烟健康动机的性别差异显著,并表现为：男生女生。第三,大学生戒烟健康动机的专业差异显著,并表现为：文史类理工类艺体类。第四,大学生戒烟健康动机水平的年级差异显著.并表现为：一年级二年级四年级三年级。 (3)干预方案的作用机制表现在两个方面。一是健康动机在健康知识和戒烟行为之间起中介作用。健康知识对戒烟行为的效应中,更多的表现为通过中介变量健康动机的间接效应(中介效应)起作用。二是干预条件(实验分组)可间接通过干预成分(后测健康动机)对大学生后测戒烟行为产生预测作用。 (4)不同干预方案的长时效应和短时效应均显著。干预短时效应由低到高的顺序依次是：实验B组实验C组实验A组实验D组。干预长时效应由低到高的顺序依次是：实验A组实验B组实验C组实验D组。而对照E的短时效应和长时效应几乎无变化(接近0)。
[Abstract]:Health motivation is the internal motive force of the individual's health as the target. It is one of the key factors affecting the individual behavior of smoking cessation. This study is divided into two studies. One, the self compiled health motivation scale of smoking cessation, and further analysis of the characteristics of the health motivation of smoking cessation in college students. According to the health dynamic mechanism of Xu (2009) On the basis of the structure dimension of health motivation in the model, combined with the analysis of literature review and the results of the open questionnaire survey, a preliminary questionnaire on the health motivation of smoking cessation was compiled. The exploratory factor analysis on the initial survey of 521 college students in 6 schools and the confirmatory factor analysis on the formal scale of 469 college students in 5 schools were analyzed. The characteristics of smoking cessation health motivation of 469 college students smokers were analyzed in depth.
Study two, the effect of smoking cessation health motivation on smoking cessation behavior of college students was studied. 170 college students in 9 schools were randomly divided into 5 groups: experimental group A (1 intervention group), experimental group B (2 intervention group), experimental group C (3 intervention group), experimental D group (4 intervention group), E group (no dry pre group). All groups before and after intervention before and after intervention were all accepted before before and after intervention before the intervention. Test (To), 1 weeks posttest (T1), after the post January tracking test (T2) 3 tests. This experiment mainly examined two contents. One is to investigate the mechanism of intervention program. It was analyzed whether the intervention conditions could indirectly affect the posttest smoking behavior of college students through post test. Two the long time effect and short time effect of the intervention program were examined. The difference of daily smoking volume CPD in the daily average smoking volume of the subjects (T0, T1 two measurements) and (T0, T2 two measurements) was used as "short time effect" and "long time effect". ANOVA was used to compare the long and short term effects of intervention between the 5 groups.
The results of this study show that:
(1) the main factors of College Students' smoking cessation health motivation include smoking cessation desire, plan, action and insisting on 4 aspects. It is proved that these 4 factors fit well with the concept model, and the compiled scale has good reliability and validity, and the scale can be used as an appropriate tool to evaluate the health motivation of tobacco smoking for college students.
(2) the characteristics of College Students' health motivation for smoking cessation: first, the overall level of students' health motivation for smoking cessation is low. There are more students who have the desire to give up smoking for physical health. But for the health program, the students who quit smoking, quit smoking, and insist on smoking cessation are less. Second, the gender difference of the motivation of smoking cessation is remarkable, and the performance is Male and female students. Third, the professional difference of students' smoking cessation health motivation is remarkable, and it is shown in the class of Arts and science. Fourth, the grade difference of students' smoking cessation health motivation level is significant. And the performance is: grade three of grade four of grade two.
(3) the action mechanism of the intervention program is shown in two aspects. One is that health motivation plays a mediating role between health knowledge and smoking cessation behavior. In the effect of health knowledge on smoking cessation, more performance is used by the indirect effect of intermediary variable health motivation (intermediary effect). Two is the intervention condition (experimental group) can be indirectly through the dry. Pre - composition (post test health motivation) can predict college students' post test smoking cessation behavior.
(4) the long time effect and short time effect of different intervention schemes are all significant. The order of short-term effect from low to high is: experimental group C and group A experiment D. The order of long time effect from low to high is in order of the A group experiment B group experiment C group experiment D. The short time effect and the long time effect of E are almost no change. Change (close to 0).
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647

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