美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的演化机制研究

发布时间：2018-11-26 06:51

【摘要】：美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统是一个开放的复杂巨系统，由政治的、经济的、文化的，物质的和非物质的各种要素组成，其获得时间、空间和功能的有序复杂结构的过程具备自组织特征。本论文基于系统科学思想和自组织理论视角维度，对美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的结构功能、动力机制和运行机制等进行深入研究，全面总结美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统发展的成功经验，从而为我国高等教育认证认可与许可体系的建设和发展提供有益借鉴。论文首先对国内外有关美国高等教育认证认可与许可的研究现状进行了述评，指出目前基于单一学科领域视角和运用传统教育理论对美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统进行研究的不足，进而提出论文分析的理论基础——自组织理论，并分别从产生背景、主要思想、分析角度和分析结论等方面对自组织理论体系中的代表性理论及其关联性进行简要概述。论文接着对认证、评估、认可与许可等核心概念的内涵进行了阐述并对美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的要素和功能结构进行了分析，提出美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统是一个由法律子系统、组织子系统、标准子系统和操作子系统构成的、既相互制约又相互促进的复杂系统，并发挥了独特的质量保障、信息服务和沟通协调功能，呈现出专业化、标准化、多元化等特征。其次，论文主要运用耗散结构理论和协同学理论对美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统演化发展的动力机制进行研究，探讨其结构复杂性和自组织特性。研究认为美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统熵的变化是其呈现耗散结构的前提条件，子系统间的竞争和协同则是美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统演化发展的内在动力机制，正是这种内在机制的作用才使得美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的演变过程呈现出从无序到有序，无序和有序相统一的自组织演化特性。论文接着对美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的运行机制进行了分析。研究表明，美国政府、社会和高校三种力量的相互制约和相互促进使得美国高等教育认证认可与许可系统运行有序。最后，论文对新中国高等教育认证认可与许可的发展过程及特征进行了概述，并运用德尔菲法就我国高等教育质量认证相关问题进行探讨，，发现可能存在的问题，明确发展方向。论文接着从发展过程、结构要素和运行机制三方面对中美两国高等教育认证认可与许可系统的演化和发展进行比较分析，并提出完善我国高等教育认证认可与许可体系的对策建议。研究指出加强制度环境建设和发挥子系统的竞争协同作用，有利于促进我国高等教育认证认可与许可系统不断朝更高级的有序结构演化发展。
[Abstract]:The United States higher Education Accreditation and Licensing system is an open and complex system consisting of political, economic, cultural, material and immaterial elements, and the timing of its acquisition. Spatial and functional processes of ordered complex structures have self-organizing characteristics. Based on the perspective of system science and self-organization theory, this paper makes a deep research on the structure function, dynamic mechanism and operation mechanism of the American higher Education Certification recognition and Licensing system. This paper sums up the successful experience of the development of American higher education certification recognition and license system, and provides a useful reference for the construction and development of our country's higher education certification recognition and license system. First of all, this paper reviews the current research situation of American higher education certification and certification at home and abroad. This paper points out the deficiency of the current research on American higher education certification recognition and licensing system based on single subject field and traditional education theory, and then puts forward the theoretical basis of the thesis analysis, self-organization theory, and respectively from the background. The representative theory and its relevance in the system of self-organizing theory are briefly summarized in the aspects of main idea, angle of analysis and conclusion of analysis. Then, the paper expounds the connotation of the core concepts of certification, evaluation, recognition and licensing, and analyzes the elements and functional structure of the American higher education certification and licensing system. This paper puts forward that the American higher Education Certification recognition and Licensing system is a complex system composed of legal subsystem, organization subsystem, standard subsystem and operation subsystem, which restricts each other and promotes each other, and plays a unique role in quality assurance. Information services and communication coordination functions, showing specialization, standardization, diversification and other characteristics. Secondly, the thesis mainly uses dissipative structure theory and synergetic theory to study the dynamic mechanism of the evolution and development of American higher education certification recognition and license system, and discusses its structural complexity and self-organization characteristics. It is considered that the change of entropy of the certification and license system of American higher education is the precondition of its dissipative structure, and the competition and cooperation among subsystems is the internal motive mechanism of the evolution and development of the accreditation and license system of higher education in the United States. It is the function of this internal mechanism that makes the evolution process of American higher education certification recognition and license system present the self-organization evolution characteristic from disorder to order, disorder and order. The thesis then analyzes the operating mechanism of the American higher Education Certification recognition and license system. The research shows that the mutual restriction and mutual promotion of the three forces of American government, society and universities make the system of higher education certification and license run orderly. Finally, the paper summarizes the development process and characteristics of accreditation and licensing of higher education in New China, and discusses the problems related to the quality certification of higher education in China by using Delphi method, and finds out the possible problems. Make clear the direction of development. Then, the thesis compares the evolution and development of the accreditation and licensing system of higher education between China and the United States from three aspects: the development process, the structural elements and the operational mechanism. And put forward the countermeasure suggestion of perfecting our country higher education attestation recognition and license system. It is pointed out that strengthening the construction of institutional environment and exerting the competitive synergy of subsystems will help to promote the development of higher education certification recognition and licensing system in China towards a more advanced and orderly structure.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.712

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