大学生就业形象的媒介呈现

发布时间：2018-12-29 12:41

【摘要】：本文主要采用内容分析法,对《人民日报》、《中国青年报》、《安徽日报》、以及《新安晚报》四种不同类型的报纸、2004—2011年八年间的大学生就业报道进行抽样、统计和分析,总结大学生就业报道的现状,探析大众传媒究竟为大众呈现出一幅怎样的大学生就业图景,进一步思考报道背后的影响因素。大学生就业形象在媒体上的呈现并非一成不变。就不同阶段而言,在“统包统分”的就业政策时期,高校毕业生“包当干部”,是所有人仰视的“·天之骄子”,媒体对大学生就业的关注度不高,且都是完全积极正面报道；双选制度下的大学生就业引入了“竞争”概念,但岗位多竞争少,加上政府可以部分解决就业问题,大学生就业时仍能做一个“从容求职者”；而在市场化浪潮中,大学生逐渐蜕变为“普通劳动者”,媒体中的大学生就业形象展现出多元复杂的特征。通过具体研究表明：在2004—2011年这八年里,大学生就业问题的见报度较高,但各报报道量起伏及差异较大；报道内容以大学生就业相关政策办法以及大学生就业现状的描绘为主；报道体裁均以动态消息为主；消息的主要来源是政府官方渠道以及高校半官方渠道；报道性质上,党报的正面报道占了绝对优势,而其他媒体则以中性报道为主。不同媒体在大学生就业形象的呈现中担任着不同的角色：即意识形态影响下的政治宣传者、社会精英话语体系下的问题思考者、以及市场逻辑下的竞争参与者。他们所呈现的大学生就业形象有着明显的不同,这些差异直接导致媒体的大学生就业形象更加丰富立体,多元化的形象“互不避讳”同时“跃然纸上”,展现在大众面前。媒体报道中大学生就业形象受到了包括政治、经济、文化在内的多种外在力量的支配；其中政治因素是影响报道呈现的决定性因素,经济因素的影响随着市场经济的发展日益明显,文化因素则是通过影响社会,来进一步潜在影响着媒体报道的。外部影响是通过传媒内部因素来发挥作用的,媒体从业人员作为新闻实践的直接操作者,对于报道内容、报道风格、报道视角的选择,以及版面的安排等都有着很大的决定权,因此媒体定位、以及媒体从业人员等内部因素对于大学生就业媒介形象的影响同样不可忽视。
[Abstract]:This article mainly adopts the content analysis method, carries on the sampling to "People's Daily", "China Youth Daily", "Anhui Daily", and "Xin'an Evening News" four different kinds of newspapers, 2004-2011 eight years college student employment report. Through statistics and analysis, this paper summarizes the current situation of college students' employment report, analyzes on what kind of employment picture the mass media presents for the public, and further considers the influencing factors behind the report. The appearance of employment image of college students in the media is not static. In terms of different stages, in the employment policy period of "turnkey", college graduates "package as cadres", is all looked up to "the proud son of heaven", the media pay little attention to the employment of college students, and are completely positive reports; Under the double election system, the concept of "competition" has been introduced into the employment of college students, but there is less job competition, and the government can partly solve the employment problem, so that college students can still be a "calm job seeker" when they are employed. In the wave of marketization, college students gradually degenerate into "ordinary laborers", and the employment image of college students in the media shows multiple and complex characteristics. Through the concrete research, it is shown that in the eight years from 2004 to 2011, the university students' employment problem has a higher degree of reporting, but the amount of reports in each newspaper fluctuates and varies greatly; The main contents of the report are the policies and methods related to the employment of college students and the description of the present situation of employment of college students. The main sources of the reports are the official channels of the government and the semi-official channels of colleges and universities. In the nature of the report, the positive report of the party newspaper occupies the absolute advantage, while the other media mainly reports neutral. Different media play different roles in the appearance of college students' employment image: the political propagandists under the influence of ideology, the problem thinkers under the social elite discourse system, and the competition participants under the market logic. There are obvious differences in the employment image of college students. These differences directly lead to a richer and more three-dimensional image of college students in the media. The pluralistic images "do not avoid taboo" at the same time "jump on the paper" and show themselves in front of the public. In the media reports, the employment image of college students is dominated by many external forces, including politics, economy and culture. Among them, the political factor is the decisive factor, the economic factor is becoming more and more obvious with the development of the market economy, and the cultural factor is influencing the media report through the influence of the society. The external influence is exerted through the internal factors of the media. As the direct operators of the news practice, the media practitioners have a great decision on the content of the report, the style of the report, the choice of the angle of view of the report, and the layout of the layout. Therefore, the influence of media orientation, media practitioners and other internal factors on the employment media image of college students can not be ignored.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38

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