振动结合灵敏训练对提高体院足球专项学生下肢爆发力的实验研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 00:55

本文选题：振动训练 + 灵敏　；参考：《成都体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：爆发力训练一直是训练届关心的重点,对于足球来说尤为重要。本研究运用文献资料法,利用数据库对国内外的文献进行检索,了解并选择影响下肢爆发力的相关动力学指标、参数。在分析前人有关振动训练和灵敏性训练的研究成果基础上,将两种单一的训练方法进行综合,通过实验法和数理统计法,证明振动结合灵敏训练同样可以提高足球运动员下肢爆发力。其次,与传统振动训练的效果进行对比,研究分析出振动结合灵敏训练和振动训练在提高爆发力的整体过程中,各子过程的不同之处,为今后的爆发力训练理论和实践提供一些依据。本研究将成都体院学院2015级足球运动系,30名足球专项学生随机分为灵敏结合振动集合灵敏训练组(M组),振动训练组(F组),空白组(S组),每组10人。振动训练方面,M、F组振频40HZ-43HZ,2mm-4mm振幅,负荷为40%1RM,M组除振动训练外,单独加入灵敏训练,两组进行每周2次,为期八周的训练,S组不进行任何训练。经过8周的实验训练,得出如下主要结果:实验前后,下肢半蹲最大力量、纵跳高度、纵跳加速度、立定跳远、60°/s等速测试下肢伸膝肌群峰值力矩与最大功率、20米冲刺跑,M组和F组的指标均有显著性的提高,大部分具有非常显著性差异。S组相对而言,其显著性差异不明显,大部分指标不具有显著性差异。30米折线跑中5米段、10米段、15米段所用时间、瞬时速度和平均速度,M组、F组、S组在不同的成绩各有提高和下降,M组在15米段的提高将为明显,F组在5米段的提高较为明显,S组前后成绩差别不明显。研究结论:经过8周的实验,三个组的下肢最大力量、纵跳、立定跳远、下肢伸膝肌群峰值力矩、下肢最大功率均得到提高。振动结合灵敏训练与振动训练对于下肢爆发力的提高均有效果,空白组的因为参加正常训练课的缘故,也有提高爆发力的效果,但提高幅度不如前面两种训练手段明显。本实验研究的亮点是,通过多项指标实验前后对比发现,振动训练组的相对短距离的冲刺速度效果较振动结合灵敏训练组和实验空白组更显著,振动结合灵敏训练组的相对长距离冲刺效果优于振动训练组和实验空白组。
[Abstract]:Explosive force training has always been the focus of attention in the training, especially for football. In this study, literature data was used to search the literature at home and abroad, and the relevant dynamic indexes and parameters affecting the explosive force of lower extremity were found out and selected. Based on the analysis of the previous research results on vibration training and sensitivity training, the two single training methods are synthesized, and the experimental method and mathematical statistics method are adopted. It is proved that vibration combined with sensitive training can also improve the explosive force of football players' lower extremities. Secondly, compared with the effect of the traditional vibration training, the difference between the vibration training and the vibration training in the whole process of improving the explosive force is analyzed. It provides some basis for the theory and practice of explosive force training in the future. In this study, 30 football students of Grade 2015 of Chengdu Institute of physical Education were randomly divided into group M, group F and group S, with 10 students in each group. In vibration training, 40HZ-43HZN 2mm-4mm amplitude, load 401RMNM group, except vibration training, added sensitivity training alone, two groups were carried out twice a week, eight weeks of training and S group did not do any training. The results showed that the frequency of vibration training was 40HZ-43HZM 2mm ~ 4mm, and the load was 401RMN M group except vibration training, and the two groups were given two times a week. After 8 weeks of experimental training, the main results are as follows: before and after the experiment, the maximum strength of the lower limb squat, the height of the longitudinal jump, the acceleration of the longitudinal jump, The peak torque of extensor knee muscle group in standing long jump 60 掳/ s isokinetic test and the index of maximum power 20 meter sprint in M group and F group were significantly improved. Most of them had very significant difference. The significant difference was not significant in S group. Most of the indicators do not show significant difference. The time used in the 5m / 10m / 15m / 15m segment of the 5m / 10m / 10m / 10m / 10m / 15m line break line race, Instantaneous velocity and average velocity in M group were significantly higher than those in S group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between S group and F group before and after the improvement of the scores in group S and F group (P < 0.05), but the improvement of group M in 15m segment was significant than that of group F in 5m segment, but there was no significant difference between group S and group S before and after treatment. Conclusion: after 8 weeks of experiment, the maximum strength of lower extremity, longitudinal jump, standing long jump, peak torque of extensor knee muscle group and maximum power of lower extremity were all increased in three groups. Vibration combined with sensitive training and vibration training can improve the explosive force of lower extremity. The blank group also has the effect of improving explosive force because of taking part in the normal training class, but the range of improvement is not as obvious as that of the former two training methods. The bright spot of this experiment is that the results of comparison before and after the experiment show that the effect of relatively short distance sprint speed in vibration training group is more remarkable than that in vibration combined with sensitive training group and experimental blank group. The relative long distance sprint effect of vibration combined with sensitive training group was better than that of vibration training group and experimental blank group.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G843

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