抗阻和有氧训练对大学生最大摄氧量的影响及其运动适应机制的研究
发布时间：2018-07-18 08:47
【摘要】：在我国青少年身体素质下滑、肥胖率攀升和身体活动不足以及运动猝死事故频发的背景下,本研究以心肺功能评价的"金标准"——最大摄氧量(Maximal Oxygen Uptake,VO2max)为主题,通过人体心脏、肺功能和素质指标的测试与比较分析,从而了解大学生心肺功能现状,并进行运动干预和运动适应机制研究,旨在为青少年的体质评估和健康促进提供有价值的理论与实践的指导和新思路。目的:探究VO2max与身体成分、心输出量、肺功能以及力量柔韧素质的关联;了解不同VO2max水平受试者的器官功能和素质的差异;探讨抗阻和有氧不同训练方式对VO2max及其相关指标的影响;揭示运动适应产生的相关生理机制。方法:1)相关性实验:招募非体育专业身体健康的大学生358名(男性:151 人,23.11 岁 ±2.88,172.08cm±6.3,70.41kg±11.96;女性:207 人,22.21岁 ±2.47,159.69cm±5.43,56.83kg±7.3),进行身体成分(生物电阻抗)、VO2max(遥测心肺功能测试仪)、心脏功能(无创心输出量监测)、肺功能(呼吸振动反应成像)和力量素质(等动肌力测试)的测试。应用Spss22.0软件对测试的VO2max与各指标数据进行Person相关分析。2)比较分析实验:实验对象和测试数据同上,以VO2max正常值为界(男性:45.7 ml/kg/min;女性:39.5 ml/kg/min,根据 ACSM 和 Cooper Institute),大于该值的简称"正常组",低于该值的为"偏低组"(下同),并进行独立样本T检验比较两组间的身体成分、心输出量、肺呼吸功能和力量素质等指标的差异。3)运动干预实验:实验对象为上述自愿参加运动训练的受试者275人(男性:134人,女性141人),并按性别再分为抗阻组、有氧组和对照组。其中,男性:抗阻58人,有氧53人,对照23人;女性:抗阻54人,有氧56人,对照31人。指标测试方法同上,包括实验前(同上)和实验后(运动后),并进行实验前后数据的重复测量。训练方案:①周期时间:12周,4次/周,90min/次。②强度:抗阻训练,2-3个部位,2-3个动作/部位,3-4组/动作,65%-80%1RM(8-15次),60S、40S/大、小肌肉群间歇(以力竭监测);有氧训练,10-12拍、5-6次呼吸/10",组合间歇1-2min,55%-85%VO2max为主(以触摸桡动脉监测)。③内容:抗阻训练以胸、背、腿等大肌肉群为主,综合腰腹及核心训练;有氧训练,女生以郑多燕健身操、健美操为主要形式创编,男生以搏击操和球类为主。4)不同VO2max水平对运动干预的影响:实验对象和数据同"3)",将"3)"抗阻和有氧组受试者以VO2max等级划分为正常组和偏低组(同"2)"),即分为男性/女性抗阻正常组、抗阻偏低组、有氧正常组和有氧偏低组,再进行实验前后数据的重复测量,并做不同等级的不同方式运动干预的相应比较。5)运动适应的动物模型实验:实验动物及分组:2月龄(8周,性成熟)雄性C57BL/6小鼠40只,随机分为安静对照组(C)、耐力运动组(E)、抗阻(爬梯)运动组(R),每组各10只。统计方法:主要进行三组间各数据的独立样本T检验。训练方案:①周期时间:8周,4次/周,30min/次,晚上18:00后进行。②强度:抗阻训练,3Sets/day,3～4 Reps/Set,间隔20 s/Rep,间隔2 min/Set,负重从50%(1-2周)逐渐加到100%(第5周开始);有氧训练,0.7-0.8km/h(第 1 周),0.8-0.9(2-4 周),0.9-1.0(5-8 周)。③内容:抗阻主要以负重爬梯为训练,有氧主要为跑台改装成的动物跑台进行无负重跑台训练、。组织样本检测:A)心肌、骨骼肌(腓肠肌)和附睾体重指数统计。B)有氧代谢关键酶活性检测:玻珀酸脱氢酶、柠檬酸合酶和乳酸脱氢酶(Elisa)。C)骨骼肌和心肌蛋白 IGF-1、PI3K、AKT、mTOR、S6K、4E-BP1、TSC1/2、MHC 和 VEGF mRNA相对表达量检测(RT-PCR)。D)骨骼肌和心肌蛋白p-S6、S6、p-4E-BP1和AKT含量检测(Webstern Blotting)。E)骨骼肌和心肌形态学检测:HE染色,免疫组化(细胞色素C氧化酶和血小板-内皮细胞贴附因子CD31)。结果:1)相关性结果:大学生(男性和女性)的VO2max(ml/kg/min)水平,①与其体重、BMI以及脂肪%、去脂肪重、肥胖率等显著性负相关。②与安静状态下心脏泵血功能、最大每搏量显著性正相关;与安静心率负相关;与最大心率关联不大。③与肺活量和肺的最大通气水平显著性正相关;与呼吸商显著性负相关;与呼吸肌收缩力量关联较小。④与力量和柔韧素质显著性正相关,其中,女性仅在背部力量有显著性正相关。2)比较分析结果:与大学生正常组相比,V02max偏低组的①体重、BMI和脂肪%等显著偏高,其中,男性受肥胖影响的程度更大。②最大每搏量和最大肺通气能力较低;男性的安静心脏泵血功能较差,女性两组间差距较小。③男性肺活量和肺呼吸强度较低,低于呼吸强度正常值的受试者百分比和Up音出现百分比较高;女性仅肺活量较低。④背部、腹部和腿部力量以及柔韧素质均较差,且男性之间差距更大。3)运动干预结果:12周的抗阻和有氧训练后,大学生的①脂肪%、肥胖率和腰臀比均显著性下降。②最大摄氧量、最大通气量和最大每搏量显著性提高,有氧训练的提升幅度更大;最大心率和呼吸商变化较小。③安静心脏泵血功能显著提高;呼吸强度和肺活量显著提高,且呼吸强度偏低和出现Up音百分比下降。④背部、腹部、腿部、握力和柔韧性显著提高,抗阻训练提升幅度更大。4)不同VO2max水平对运动干预影响的结果:经过12周的抗阻和有氧训练,与正常组相比,V02max偏低组大学生的①脂肪%、BMI下降幅度更大,抗阻对女大学生的减脂效果更好(包括正常组)。②最大心肺功能提高更大,有氧训练提高幅度更大;安静心脏泵血功能提高更大,有氧训练对男大学生改善更好,抗阻对女大学生更好。③呼吸肌力量和肺活量水平提升较小。④力量和柔韧素质提高更大,抗阻训练提升略好。5)动物运动干预实验结果:八周的抗阻和有氧训练后,①小鼠的体重增长显著,且有氧组增长幅度更大;抗阻对骨骼肌肥大显著,有氧对心肌肥大显著。②玻珀酸脱氢酶、柠檬酸合酶和乳酸脱氢酶的活性均显著提高。③抗阻组的骨骼肌和心肌的IGF-l/PI3K/Akt/mT0R蛋白翻译合成信号通路明显上调,有氧训练的这一趋势不明显或受到抑制。④骨骼肌和心肌线粒体的数量和血管新生水平显著性增加。结论:1)从参与本研究的大学生受试者看,大学生(男性和女性)体质现状不容乐观,其中,VO2max低于正常水平的接近60%,优良水平的不超过15%。2)脂肪%和BMI是最大摄氧量(ml/kg/min)重要影响因素,从心肺功能评价角度应该加以界定;从健康角度,其会给人体有氧工作能力带来负面影响。3)最大摄氧量不仅与心脏泵血和肺呼吸功能直接相关,而且与肌肉力量和柔韧素质存在关联;同时,有氧水平较低的大学生在心脏和肺功能以及力量素质上明显较差,这在一定程度上说明最大摄氧量不仅受心脏和肺等主要器官功能影响,而且与肌肉质量紧密关联。4)65-85%lRM(8-15次)的抗阻训练和(55-85%VO2max)中高强度的有氧训练均能优化大学生的身体成分,提高最大摄氧量水平以及心脏和肺功能,提高肌肉力量和柔韧素质。相比之下,抗阻训练对力量素质提高更明显,有氧训练对心脏和肺功能提升更明显。5)本研究结果发现,相比有氧水平正常组,较低组的大学生通过抗阻和有氧训练,其VO2max、心脏和肺功能以及力量素质均有更大水平的提高,这对青少年体质健康促进和全民健身运动具有重要的指导意义。6)8周的抗阻和有氧训练使小鼠产生的骨骼肌和心肌的肥大、线粒体增多等形态学上的有利变化,为人体研究中的心脏、肺功能和V02max的提高提供了最直接的证据。同时,有氧代谢关键酶活性提高和血管新生增加又进一步揭示了运动训练对氧气利用提高的内在生理适应。而蛋白合成信号通路的表达趋势则又从机制上揭示了抗阻和有氧两种不同训练方式在某一阶段产生的不同运动适应。
[Abstract]:In the background of the decline of the physical quality of young people, the rising of obesity rate, the lack of physical activity and the frequent occurrence of sudden sports death, this study focuses on the Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max), the "gold standard" of the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function, and through the test and comparison of the indexes of human heart, lung function and quality. In order to provide valuable theoretical and practical guidance and new ideas for physical fitness assessment and health promotion of young people, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between VO2max and body composition, cardiac output, lung function and strength flexibility, and to understand the level of different VO2max levels. The difference between the organ function and the quality of the subjects; the influence of the different ways of resistance and aerobic training on VO2max and its related indexes and the related physiological mechanism of the adaptation to exercise. Methods: 1) the correlation experiment: 358 students (151 men, 23.11 years old, 23.11 years + 6.3,70.41kg + 11) were recruited. .96; women: 207 people, 22.21 years old + 2.47159.69cm + 5.43,56.83kg + 7.3), body composition (bioelectrical impedance), VO2max (telemetry cardiopulmonary function test instrument), cardiac function (non invasive cardiac output monitoring), lung function (respiratory vibration response imaging) and strength quality test (isokinetic muscle test). VO2max and each test were applied to the test with Spss22.0 software Person correlation analysis.2) comparison and analysis experiment: the experiment object and the test data are the same, with the VO2max normal value as the boundary (male: 45.7 ml/kg/min; female: 39.5 ml/kg/min, according to ACSM and Cooper Institute), more than the value of abbreviated "normal group", lower than the value of the "low group" (the same), and carry out independent sample T test ratio Two groups of body components, cardiac output, pulmonary respiratory function and strength quality were different.3) exercise intervention experiment: the subjects were 275 subjects (male: 134, 141 women) who volunteered for exercise training, and were divided into resistance groups by sex, oxygen group and control group. Among them, 58 men and 53 oxygen were male. 23 people, women: resistance to resistance 54, oxygen 56, 31 people. The index test method is same, including before experiment (same up) and after experiment (after exercise), and carry out repeated measurements before and after the experiment. Training program: (1) cycle time: 12 weeks, 4 times / week, 90min/ times. Strength: resistance training, 2-3 parts, 2-3 action / parts, 3-4 groups / action, 65%-80%1 RM (8-15), 60S, 40S/ big, small muscle group intermittent (with exhaustion monitoring); aerobic training, 10-12 beat, 5-6 breaths /10 ", combined intermittent 1-2min, 55%-85%VO2max mainly (to touch the radial artery monitoring). 3. Resistance training to chest, back, leg and other large muscle groups as the main, comprehensive waist and core training; aerobic training, Zheng Duoyan aerobics, bodybuilding girls aerobics, bodybuilding, body building Exercise for the main form of creation, boys with fight exercise and ball based.4) the effect of different VO2max levels on exercise intervention: the experiment object and the data are the same as "3", "the" 3 "resistance and the aerobic group were divided into the normal group and the low group (the same" 2 "), which were divided into the male / female resistance normal group, the resistance lower group, the normal oxygen group and the other group. In the low oxygen group, repeated measurements of the data before and after the experiment were carried out, and the corresponding comparison.5 in different levels of exercise intervention was made in the animal model experiment. The experimental animals and groups were divided into 2 month old (8 weeks, sexually mature) male C57BL/6 mice, randomly divided into the quiet control group (C), the endurance exercise group (E), the resistance (R) exercise group (R) 10 in each group. Statistical method: an independent sample T test of each data between three groups. Training program: cycle time: 8 weeks, 4 times per week, 30min/ times, 18:00 p. m., intensity: resistance training, 3Sets/day, 3~4 Reps/Set, interval 20 s/Rep, interval 2 min/ Set, weight from 50% (1-2 weeks) gradually to 100% (fifth weeks); aerobic training 0.7-0.8km/h (first weeks), 0.8-0.9 (2-4 weeks), 0.9-1.0 (5-8 weeks). Content: resistance mainly to a heavy climbing ladder for training, oxygen mainly for the animal running platform for the platform training without heavy load, tissue samples detection: A) myocardium, skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius muscle) and epididymal body mass index (.B) test of oxygen metabolism key enzyme activity: glass perber IGF-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, S6K, 4E-BP1, TSC1/2, MHC and VEGF mRNA, IGF-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, S6K, 4E-BP1, TSC1/2, MHC and VEGF mRNA Histochemical (cytochrome C oxidase and platelet endothelial cell attachment factor CD31). Results: 1) correlation results: the level of VO2max (ml/kg/min) of college students (male and female), (1) significant negative correlation with weight, BMI and fat%, fat weight, obesity rate, and so on. Negative correlation with the quiet heart rate; little correlation with the maximum heart rate. 3. Positive correlation with lung capacity and lung maximum ventilation level; significant negative correlation with respiratory quotient; less associated with respiratory muscle contraction strength. (4) positive correlation with strength and flexibility quality, among which women only have significant positive correlation.2 in back strength. Results: compared with the normal group, the weight, BMI and fat% of the low V02max group were significantly higher. Among them, the male was more affected by obesity. (2) the maximum per stroke volume and the maximum lung ventilation ability were lower; the male quiet heart pump blood function was poor, the two groups of women were smaller. (3) the male lung capacity and the lung respiration intensity were lower and lower. The percentage of subjects with normal breathing intensity was higher than that of Up sound; women only had lower lung capacity. (4) the back, abdominal and leg strength and flexibility were poor, and the male gap was greater.3) exercise intervention: after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the percentage of fat%, obesity rate and waist hip ratio of college students were significant. The maximum oxygen uptake, maximum ventilation and maximum per stroke increased significantly, the increase in aerobic training was greater, the maximum heart rate and respiratory quotient were smaller. (3) the function of the quiet heart pump was significantly improved; the respiratory intensity and vital capacity were significantly increased, and the respiratory intensity was lower and the percentage of Up sounds decreased. (4) back, abdomen, leg, The results of the effect of different VO2max levels on exercise intervention: after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the results showed that after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, compared with the normal group, the fat percent of the students in the lower V02max group and the BMI decreased significantly, and the effect of resistance to the female college students was better (including the normal group). Cardiopulmonary function increased more, aerobic training increased more; the blood function of quiet heart pump was improved more, aerobic training was better for male students, resistance to female college students was better. (3) the improvement of respiratory muscle strength and vital capacity was smaller. (4) strength and flexibility improved more, resistance training improved slightly better.5) animal exercise intervention experiment Results: after eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the body weight of mice increased significantly, and the oxygen group increased significantly, the resistance to skeletal muscle hypertrophy was significant, and oxygen was significant to hypertrophy of the myocardium. (2) the activity of the hyperoxic acid dehydrogenase, citric acid synthase and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly improved. (3) the IGF-l/PI3K/Akt/mT0R of the skeletal muscle and the myocardium in the resistance group The trend of protein translation synthesis signal pathway was obviously up-regulated, and the trend of aerobic training was not obvious or suppressed. (4) the number of skeletal muscle and myocardial mitochondria and the level of angiogenesis increased significantly. Conclusion: 1) from the participants who participated in this study, the physical status of college students (male and female) was not optimistic, among them, VO2max was lower than normal. The level of close to 60%, the good level not more than 15%.2) fat% and BMI are the most important factors affecting the maximum oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min), which should be defined from the perspective of cardiopulmonary function evaluation; from the health point of view, it will have a negative impact on the body's aerobic work ability,.3) the maximum oxygen uptake is not only directly related to the cardiac pump blood and lung respiratory function, but also the maximum oxygen uptake. It is associated with muscle strength and flexibility; at the same time, college students with lower oxygen levels are significantly worse in heart and lung function and strength quality, to a certain extent that the maximum oxygen uptake is not only influenced by the main organ functions such as the heart and lungs, but also closely associated with the muscle mass of.4) 65-85%lRM (8-15) resistance training and ( 55-85%VO2max) high intensity aerobic training can optimize the body composition of college students, increase the maximum oxygen uptake and heart and lung function, improve muscle strength and flexibility. In contrast, resistance training is more obvious to strength quality, and aerobic training is more obvious to heart and lung function improvement.5) compared with the results of this study, the findings have been found to be compared with the results of this study. The students in the lower group have a higher level of VO2max, heart and lung function and strength quality, which have important guiding significance for young people's physical and physical fitness and physical fitness through anti resistance and aerobic training. The 8 weeks of resistance and aerobic training have made the skeletal muscle and myocardium produced by the mice produced by the resistance and aerobic training. The most direct evidence for the improvement of the heart, lung function and V02max in human studies. At the same time, the increase in the activity of key enzymes in aerobic metabolism and the increase of angiogenesis further reveal the intrinsic physiological adaptation of exercise training to oxygen utilization, and the signaling pathway of protein synthesis. The trend of expression also reveals the different adaption of resistance and Aerobics from two different training modes at a certain stage.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
本文编号：2131377
[Abstract]:In the background of the decline of the physical quality of young people, the rising of obesity rate, the lack of physical activity and the frequent occurrence of sudden sports death, this study focuses on the Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max), the "gold standard" of the evaluation of cardiopulmonary function, and through the test and comparison of the indexes of human heart, lung function and quality. In order to provide valuable theoretical and practical guidance and new ideas for physical fitness assessment and health promotion of young people, the purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between VO2max and body composition, cardiac output, lung function and strength flexibility, and to understand the level of different VO2max levels. The difference between the organ function and the quality of the subjects; the influence of the different ways of resistance and aerobic training on VO2max and its related indexes and the related physiological mechanism of the adaptation to exercise. Methods: 1) the correlation experiment: 358 students (151 men, 23.11 years old, 23.11 years + 6.3,70.41kg + 11) were recruited. .96; women: 207 people, 22.21 years old + 2.47159.69cm + 5.43,56.83kg + 7.3), body composition (bioelectrical impedance), VO2max (telemetry cardiopulmonary function test instrument), cardiac function (non invasive cardiac output monitoring), lung function (respiratory vibration response imaging) and strength quality test (isokinetic muscle test). VO2max and each test were applied to the test with Spss22.0 software Person correlation analysis.2) comparison and analysis experiment: the experiment object and the test data are the same, with the VO2max normal value as the boundary (male: 45.7 ml/kg/min; female: 39.5 ml/kg/min, according to ACSM and Cooper Institute), more than the value of abbreviated "normal group", lower than the value of the "low group" (the same), and carry out independent sample T test ratio Two groups of body components, cardiac output, pulmonary respiratory function and strength quality were different.3) exercise intervention experiment: the subjects were 275 subjects (male: 134, 141 women) who volunteered for exercise training, and were divided into resistance groups by sex, oxygen group and control group. Among them, 58 men and 53 oxygen were male. 23 people, women: resistance to resistance 54, oxygen 56, 31 people. The index test method is same, including before experiment (same up) and after experiment (after exercise), and carry out repeated measurements before and after the experiment. Training program: (1) cycle time: 12 weeks, 4 times / week, 90min/ times. Strength: resistance training, 2-3 parts, 2-3 action / parts, 3-4 groups / action, 65%-80%1 RM (8-15), 60S, 40S/ big, small muscle group intermittent (with exhaustion monitoring); aerobic training, 10-12 beat, 5-6 breaths /10 ", combined intermittent 1-2min, 55%-85%VO2max mainly (to touch the radial artery monitoring). 3. Resistance training to chest, back, leg and other large muscle groups as the main, comprehensive waist and core training; aerobic training, Zheng Duoyan aerobics, bodybuilding girls aerobics, bodybuilding, body building Exercise for the main form of creation, boys with fight exercise and ball based.4) the effect of different VO2max levels on exercise intervention: the experiment object and the data are the same as "3", "the" 3 "resistance and the aerobic group were divided into the normal group and the low group (the same" 2 "), which were divided into the male / female resistance normal group, the resistance lower group, the normal oxygen group and the other group. In the low oxygen group, repeated measurements of the data before and after the experiment were carried out, and the corresponding comparison.5 in different levels of exercise intervention was made in the animal model experiment. The experimental animals and groups were divided into 2 month old (8 weeks, sexually mature) male C57BL/6 mice, randomly divided into the quiet control group (C), the endurance exercise group (E), the resistance (R) exercise group (R) 10 in each group. Statistical method: an independent sample T test of each data between three groups. Training program: cycle time: 8 weeks, 4 times per week, 30min/ times, 18:00 p. m., intensity: resistance training, 3Sets/day, 3~4 Reps/Set, interval 20 s/Rep, interval 2 min/ Set, weight from 50% (1-2 weeks) gradually to 100% (fifth weeks); aerobic training 0.7-0.8km/h (first weeks), 0.8-0.9 (2-4 weeks), 0.9-1.0 (5-8 weeks). Content: resistance mainly to a heavy climbing ladder for training, oxygen mainly for the animal running platform for the platform training without heavy load, tissue samples detection: A) myocardium, skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius muscle) and epididymal body mass index (.B) test of oxygen metabolism key enzyme activity: glass perber IGF-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, S6K, 4E-BP1, TSC1/2, MHC and VEGF mRNA, IGF-1, PI3K, AKT, mTOR, S6K, 4E-BP1, TSC1/2, MHC and VEGF mRNA Histochemical (cytochrome C oxidase and platelet endothelial cell attachment factor CD31). Results: 1) correlation results: the level of VO2max (ml/kg/min) of college students (male and female), (1) significant negative correlation with weight, BMI and fat%, fat weight, obesity rate, and so on. Negative correlation with the quiet heart rate; little correlation with the maximum heart rate. 3. Positive correlation with lung capacity and lung maximum ventilation level; significant negative correlation with respiratory quotient; less associated with respiratory muscle contraction strength. (4) positive correlation with strength and flexibility quality, among which women only have significant positive correlation.2 in back strength. Results: compared with the normal group, the weight, BMI and fat% of the low V02max group were significantly higher. Among them, the male was more affected by obesity. (2) the maximum per stroke volume and the maximum lung ventilation ability were lower; the male quiet heart pump blood function was poor, the two groups of women were smaller. (3) the male lung capacity and the lung respiration intensity were lower and lower. The percentage of subjects with normal breathing intensity was higher than that of Up sound; women only had lower lung capacity. (4) the back, abdominal and leg strength and flexibility were poor, and the male gap was greater.3) exercise intervention: after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the percentage of fat%, obesity rate and waist hip ratio of college students were significant. The maximum oxygen uptake, maximum ventilation and maximum per stroke increased significantly, the increase in aerobic training was greater, the maximum heart rate and respiratory quotient were smaller. (3) the function of the quiet heart pump was significantly improved; the respiratory intensity and vital capacity were significantly increased, and the respiratory intensity was lower and the percentage of Up sounds decreased. (4) back, abdomen, leg, The results of the effect of different VO2max levels on exercise intervention: after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the results showed that after 12 weeks of resistance and aerobic training, compared with the normal group, the fat percent of the students in the lower V02max group and the BMI decreased significantly, and the effect of resistance to the female college students was better (including the normal group). Cardiopulmonary function increased more, aerobic training increased more; the blood function of quiet heart pump was improved more, aerobic training was better for male students, resistance to female college students was better. (3) the improvement of respiratory muscle strength and vital capacity was smaller. (4) strength and flexibility improved more, resistance training improved slightly better.5) animal exercise intervention experiment Results: after eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training, the body weight of mice increased significantly, and the oxygen group increased significantly, the resistance to skeletal muscle hypertrophy was significant, and oxygen was significant to hypertrophy of the myocardium. (2) the activity of the hyperoxic acid dehydrogenase, citric acid synthase and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly improved. (3) the IGF-l/PI3K/Akt/mT0R of the skeletal muscle and the myocardium in the resistance group The trend of protein translation synthesis signal pathway was obviously up-regulated, and the trend of aerobic training was not obvious or suppressed. (4) the number of skeletal muscle and myocardial mitochondria and the level of angiogenesis increased significantly. Conclusion: 1) from the participants who participated in this study, the physical status of college students (male and female) was not optimistic, among them, VO2max was lower than normal. The level of close to 60%, the good level not more than 15%.2) fat% and BMI are the most important factors affecting the maximum oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min), which should be defined from the perspective of cardiopulmonary function evaluation; from the health point of view, it will have a negative impact on the body's aerobic work ability,.3) the maximum oxygen uptake is not only directly related to the cardiac pump blood and lung respiratory function, but also the maximum oxygen uptake. It is associated with muscle strength and flexibility; at the same time, college students with lower oxygen levels are significantly worse in heart and lung function and strength quality, to a certain extent that the maximum oxygen uptake is not only influenced by the main organ functions such as the heart and lungs, but also closely associated with the muscle mass of.4) 65-85%lRM (8-15) resistance training and ( 55-85%VO2max) high intensity aerobic training can optimize the body composition of college students, increase the maximum oxygen uptake and heart and lung function, improve muscle strength and flexibility. In contrast, resistance training is more obvious to strength quality, and aerobic training is more obvious to heart and lung function improvement.5) compared with the results of this study, the findings have been found to be compared with the results of this study. The students in the lower group have a higher level of VO2max, heart and lung function and strength quality, which have important guiding significance for young people's physical and physical fitness and physical fitness through anti resistance and aerobic training. The 8 weeks of resistance and aerobic training have made the skeletal muscle and myocardium produced by the mice produced by the resistance and aerobic training. The most direct evidence for the improvement of the heart, lung function and V02max in human studies. At the same time, the increase in the activity of key enzymes in aerobic metabolism and the increase of angiogenesis further reveal the intrinsic physiological adaptation of exercise training to oxygen utilization, and the signaling pathway of protein synthesis. The trend of expression also reveals the different adaption of resistance and Aerobics from two different training modes at a certain stage.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.2
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 崔博;陈学伟;张娜;佘晓俊;杨丹凤;马强;袭著革;汪海;;驻寒区不同类型部队军人最大摄氧量调查[J];解放军预防医学杂志;2014年05期
2 Kanae Oda;Nobuyuki Miyatake;Noriko Sakano;Takeshi Saito;Motohiko Miyachi;Izumi Tabata;Takeyuki Numata;;日本受试者峰值摄氧量与局部身体成分之间的关系(英文)[J];Journal of Sport and Health Science;2014年03期
3 薄海;彭朋;秦永生;张勇;;低氧复合运动对大鼠骨骼肌线粒体含量的影响[J];中国病理生理杂志;2014年08期
4 郭振新;陈建敏;肖国强;;间歇性低氧刺激对人体最大摄氧量及通气阈值的影响[J];辽宁体育科技;2014年03期
5 牛丽丽;郭敏;;2000年以来我国青少年体质健康研究综述[J];体育文化导刊;2014年06期
6 李德生;陈宁;孟思进;;运动对骨骼肌线粒体质量控制的调节作用[J];武汉体育学院学报;2014年05期
7 张桐硕;薄海;秦永生;彭朋;;某军校大学生5000m跑成绩与相对最大摄氧量的回归模型[J];武警医学;2014年02期
8 巩清波;;8周耐力训练对小鼠心肌SDH适宜刺激年龄的研究[J];四川体育科学;2013年05期
9 谢庆芝;邱祖建;;大学生运动猝死调查与风险预警研究[J];武汉体育学院学报;2013年02期
10 王国军;温含;武雅琼;;跑节省化、最大摄氧量评价普通人有氧耐力的效果比较[J];中国组织工程研究;2013年07期
相关博士学位论文 前2条
1 李海鹏;运动对Sarcopenia关联的抗氧化能力及线粒体介导的细胞凋亡信号通路的影响[D];华东师范大学;2009年
2 杨贵仁;学生体质健康泛教育论[D];福建师范大学;2005年
相关硕士学位论文 前10条
1 马红梅;大学生呼吸肌耐力与肺活量、最大摄氧量的相关研究[D];杭州师范大学;2016年
2 曾帅;中等强度持续和高强度间歇运动对肥胖青年女性心电QTc及血压影响以及训练适应[D];河北师范大学;2014年
3 朱天文;普通高校不同专业学生最大摄氧量及其派生指标的比较分析[D];辽宁师范大学;2014年
4 唐文涛;不同强度的间歇跑台训练对大鼠心肌能量代谢相关指标的影响[D];曲阜师范大学;2012年
5 刘丽云;大学女生体质监测若干指标与最大摄氧量的相关性研究[D];湖南师范大学;2012年
6 占露露;太极拳与有氧舞蹈对老年女性心肺功能及身体成分影响的比较研究（实验设计）[D];湖南师范大学;2012年
7 杨秀英;大学男生体质监测若干指标与最大摄氧量的相关性研究[D];湖南师范大学;2012年
8 刘聚伟;新型无创心输出量监测仪在充血性心力衰竭中的应用研究[D];中国人民解放军军医进修学院;2009年
9 伍鸿鹰;中学男生体质监测若干指标与最大摄氧量的相关性研究[D];湖南师范大学;2008年
10 苏有存;抗阻练习对衰老大鼠骨骼肌线粒体功能的影响[D];华东师范大学;2008年
，本文编号：2131377
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jiaoyulunwen/tylw/2131377.html
