江苏省高校男子篮球队科学化体能训练分析与研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 11:48

【摘要】：本文以江苏省高校男子篮球队科学化体能训练为研究对象,通过对江苏省高校男子篮球队前四名队伍体能训练状况的研究与分析,找出影响体能训练的原因,给予科学化的体能训练建议,为推进江苏省高校男子篮球的发展提供依据和参考。研究与分析得出的结论:(1)江苏省高校男子篮球队休赛期的平均训练次数为5次/每周,而进入赛前准备期四所学校的平均训练次数增加到6次/每周,每周的训练次数基本达到要求,在每周5-6次的训练中,单独的体能训练基本都在一次左右,所占的比例过少。(2)江苏省高校男子篮球队前四名学校虽然都有制定体能训练计划,但都是笼统的全队一个计划,没有因人而异,因位置而异的制定,并且在计划具体执行过程中不够严格,改动较多。没有使运动员的身体机能得到真正的提高。(3)在体能训练方式上,江苏省高校男子篮球队前四名学校大多采用力量训练、速度训练和耐力训练相结合的方式。利用负重抗组的方法来训练力量,利用快速奔跑的方式来训练速度,而耐力训练则采用连续负载的形式。四所学校体能训练采用的手段都十分单一,没有使身体素质得到均衡发展,使用的方法相对现代篮球体能训练比较老套,运动员机能水平的提高受到了严重的限制。(4)江苏省高校男子篮球队前四名学校体能训练后的放松基本都采用最简单的自然放松,忽视拉伸放松的重要性。体能训练后运动员都不能得到合理的营养补充,有的队员因为个人原因甚至不能保证正常的营养摄入。(5)对篮球项目体能训练内在规律认识不足,缺乏对前沿体能训练的学习与关注,实际操作上比较盲目,不注重细节,学训冲突导致训练次数和时间不能保证都是影响江苏省高校男子篮球队体能训练的因素。给出的建议:(1)运动员与教练员要在思想上重视体能训练,在实际行动上多参加一些关于体能训练的培训,做到理论水平与操作水平共同提高。(2)江苏省高校男子篮球队科学化的体能训练计划要在确定了训练目标,抓住篮球项目体能训练的客观规律的基础上,根据队伍全年的比赛日程,运动员的学业安排来制定详细的全年计划、阶段计划和周计划。并在实施过程中严格按照既定计划进行。(3)体能训练手段与方法要在充分了解篮球场上制胜规律的基础上,根据队员的实际体能状况、场上所担任的不同位置、队伍的打法风格,利用现有的器材和场地合理的进行运用。教练员要结合本队的实际情况运用最前沿的篮球体能训练方法。(4)有训练就会有疲劳,有训练也必然会有伤病。要充分了解产生疲劳与伤病的机制和原因,利用科学的训练从源头上预防,利用合理的方法使伤病快速并彻底的康复。(5)重视运动员心理的训练,培养运动员的意志品质,使运动员在场上沉着冷静的应对各种突发情况,在大赛中能正常甚至超水平的发挥。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the scientific physical fitness training of the men's basketball team in Jiangsu Province as the research object, through the research and analysis of the physical fitness training condition of the top four teams of the men's basketball team in Jiangsu Province, finds out the reasons that affect the physical fitness training. To give scientific physical training advice, to promote the development of college basketball in Jiangsu Province provides the basis and reference. The conclusions of the study and analysis are as follows: (1) the average training times of Jiangsu men's basketball team during the off-season period are 5 times per week, while the average number of training times of the four schools entering the pre-competition preparation period increases to 6 times per week. The number of training sessions per week basically meets the requirements. In the 5-6 training sessions per week, the individual physical training is basically about once. The proportion is too small. (2) although the top four colleges and universities of Jiangsu Province have formulated physical fitness training plans, they are all general plans for the whole team. They do not vary from person to person, depending on their location. And in the specific implementation of the plan process is not strict enough, more changes. (3) in terms of physical training, most of the top four colleges and universities in Jiangsu Province adopt the combination of strength training, speed training and endurance training. The load-bearing group is used to train the strength, the fast running is used to train the speed, and the endurance training is in the form of continuous load. The physical fitness training of the four schools is very simple and does not make the physical quality develop in a balanced way. The methods used are relatively old-fashioned in comparison with modern basketball physical training. The improvement of athletes' functional level is severely restricted. (4) the relaxation after physical training of the top four colleges and universities basketball teams in Jiangsu Province basically adopts the simplest natural relaxation, neglecting the importance of stretching relaxation. After physical training, athletes can not get reasonable nutritional supplement, some players can not even ensure normal nutritional intake for personal reasons. (5) lack of understanding of the inherent rules of physical fitness training in basketball, Lack of learning and attention to the forward physical training, practical operation is blind, do not pay attention to details, the conflict between learning and training resulting in training times and time can not be guaranteed are the factors that affect the physical training of Jiangsu men's basketball team. The following suggestions are given: (1) athletes and coaches should pay more attention to physical training in thought, and participate in some training on physical fitness training in practical actions. In order to improve both the theoretical level and the operational level. (2) the scientific physical fitness training plan for the men's basketball team in Jiangsu Province should be based on the determination of the training objectives and the grasp of the objective laws of the physical fitness training in basketball events. According to the team's annual competition schedule, athletes' academic arrangements to develop a detailed annual plan, phase plan and weekly plan. And in the process of implementation, strictly according to the established plan. (3) the means and methods of physical training should be based on a full understanding of the rules of winning on the basketball court, according to the actual physical condition of the players, the different positions held on the court, The team's style of play, using existing equipment and reasonable use of the site. The coaches should use the most advanced basketball physical training methods according to the actual situation of the team. (4) if there is training, there will be fatigue, and there will inevitably be injuries and injuries. It is necessary to fully understand the mechanism and causes of fatigue and injury, to use scientific training to prevent the injury from its source, and to use reasonable methods to make the injury and injury recover quickly and thoroughly. (5) attach importance to the psychological training of athletes and cultivate the will quality of athletes. Players in the field calm and calm response to all kinds of emergencies, in the competition can play a normal or even super level.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G841

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