女子赛艇运动员高原训练期间身体机能变化趋势的研究

发布时间：2018-11-19 18:22

【摘要】：1目的为了进一步探索高原训练对女子赛艇运动员身体机能和运动能力的影响,发现其高原训练前后有关生理生化指标的变化规律,为科学指导赛艇运动项目的训练提供更多的科学依据。2方法以备战2017年全运会的9名天津女子公开级赛艇运动员为研究对象,对其在高原训练前、后和训练期间相关生理生化指标进行监测,分析高原训练对女子赛艇运动员身体机能的影响和变化规律,并对其阶段测试的结果进行评定。3结果3.1与高原前准备阶段相比,高原训练第6周RBC、HCT、Hb含量和WBC明显升高,血糖则显著下降(p0.05),其它指标无明显变化。3.2与上高原前相比,高原训练后三级负荷测试和2000m测试中乳酸均明显下降(p0.01),2000m测试血乳酸恢复速率明显加快(p0.01)。但2000m测试中平均功率下降,测试成绩降低。3.3高原训练后,4mmol/L和2mmol/L乳酸功率明显上升(p0.05),心率显著下降(p0.05)。4结论4.1高原训练能够明显增加女子赛艇运动员的RBC、HCT、Hb含量和WBC数量,说明高原训练能够增强机体运输氧气的能力和免疫功能。4.2高原训练和高原后调适阶段,运动员血糖明显降低,表明训练期间机体糖代谢供能增加,提示训练中应注意补糖。4.3高原训练期间,女子赛艇运动员的身体机能相关指标均在正常范围内波动,但在高原训练第4周红细胞系和白细胞系指标均出现下降,表明经过3周大强度训练后,运动员可能出现机体疲劳,免疫机能受到抑制。4.4高原训练后第1周,运动员体能下降,2000m测试成绩降低。高原后调适阶段,运动员血乳酸阈功率上升,心率下降;三级负荷测试过程中的乳酸明显下降,2000m测试过程中的乳酸恢复速率明显加快,运动员有氧能力得到有效提升。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the effect of altitude training on the physical function and sports ability of female rowers, and to find out the changes of physiological and biochemical indexes before and after plateau training. To provide more scientific basis for scientific training of rowing events. (2) taking 9 Tianjin women open level rowers in preparation for the 2017 National Games as research objects, before training on the plateau, The physiological and biochemical indexes were monitored after and during training, and the influence and variation of altitude training on the body function of female rowers were analyzed. Results 3.1 compared with preplateau preparation stage, RBC,HCT,Hb content and WBC increased significantly in the 6th week of high altitude training, but blood glucose decreased significantly (p0.05). There was no significant change in other indexes. 3.2 compared with before altitude training, the lactic acid decreased significantly in the third stage load test and 2000m test after high altitude training (p0.01), and the recovery rate of blood lactic acid in 2000m test significantly accelerated (p0.01). However, the average power of 2000m test decreased and the test result decreased. 3.3 after high altitude training, the lactic acid power of 4mmol/L and 2mmol/L increased significantly (p0.05). Conclusion\ The results showed that high altitude training could enhance the ability of transporting oxygen and immune function. 4.2 during altitude training and post-altitude adjustment, the blood glucose of athletes decreased significantly, which indicated that the energy supply of glucose metabolism increased during the training period. It was suggested that attention should be paid to the supplement of sugar. 4.3 during plateau training, the relative indexes of body function of female rowers fluctuated within the normal range, but at the 4th week of high altitude training, the indexes of erythrocyte system and white blood cell system both decreased. The results showed that after 3 weeks of intensive training, the athletes might appear fatigue, and their immune function would be inhibited. In the first week of 4.4 plateau training, the physical ability of the athletes decreased, and the result of 2000m test decreased. During the adjustment period after plateau, the blood lactate threshold power increased, the heart rate decreased, the lactate recovery rate increased obviously during the third stage load test, and the aerobic capacity of the athletes was improved effectively.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.4

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