中学生亲子间心理距离及其改善的研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 07:28

本文选题：中学生 + 亲子距离　；参考：《天津师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：初中阶段是个体从童年期向青年期转化的一个重要阶段,具有过渡性、矛盾性和不稳定性。在中学生所拥有的所有关系中,亲子关系扮演着非常重要的角色,中学生的整个社会化程度和人格的发展完善都受其影响。在此阶段,亲子关系会因为父母与青少年之间的矛盾而变得敏感、脆弱,在这种情况下,亲子沟通往往容易出现状况。这些亲子矛盾大多都是由于他们的学业、行为和心理问题引起的。 20世纪40年代起,各国掀起了对亲子关系的研究热潮。在以往的研究中,对亲子关系的研究主要集中在如亲子关系现状与发展特点,亲子亲合和亲子冲突,亲子关系的影响因素,亲子关系对个体发展的影响,特殊家庭的亲子关系等等。但亲子距离这个概念国内外鲜有人提及,而且提到时多指亲子空间距离,因此本研究对比了人际距离、社会距离和心理距离的概念,尝试对亲子距离进行了界定。本文在前人研究的基础上,对比了人际距离、社会距离、心理距离、亲子关系、亲子沟通、家庭亲密度的概念,研究认为在心理学意义上,亲子距离就是亲子心理距离,它主要指的是亲子情感距离,具体来说就是父母与子女间情感的亲近或疏远程度。本研究首先对亲子距离问卷(PCD)运用瑟斯通技术进行修订。以中学生为研究对象,用修订过的亲子距离问卷调查分析了中学生的父子亲子距离和母子亲子距离现状。本研究通过亲子距离问卷,筛选出亲子距离较远的学生作为被试,将干预调节前后的亲子距离进行对比,证明调节干预是有效可行的。通过团体辅导活动以及情景训练来提高学生沟通能力以达到缩短亲子距离的目的。本研究结论： (1)修订之后的亲子距离问卷,重测是有效度和信度的。 (2)初中生家长和子女在处理和面对亲子冲突问题的时候存在不正确的观念,缺乏合理有效的沟通技巧和方法。 (3)实验研究显示,通过针对学生的活动课,在一定程度上能有效帮助参加者增加亲子亲合,促进亲子合理沟通,优化改善亲子关系,缩短亲子距离的目的。
[Abstract]:Junior middle school is an important stage of individual transformation from childhood to adolescence, which is transitional, contradictory and unstable. The parent-child relationship plays a very important role in all the relationships owned by middle school students, and the degree of socialization and the development of personality of middle school students are affected by it. At this stage, the parent-child relationship becomes sensitive and fragile because of the conflict between parents and adolescents. In this case, parent-child communication is prone to occur. Most of these parent-child conflicts are caused by their academic, behavioral and psychological problems. Since the 1940s, various countries have set off an upsurge in the research of parent-child relations. In the previous studies, the research on parent-child relationship mainly focused on the status quo and development characteristics of parent-child relationship, parent-child affinity and parent-child conflict, the influence factors of parent-child relationship, and the influence of parent-child relationship on individual development. Parent-child relationships in special families, etc. However, the concept of parent-child distance is rarely mentioned at home and abroad, and it refers to the spatial distance between parents and children. Therefore, this study compares the concepts of interpersonal distance, social distance and psychological distance, and tries to define the parent-child distance. Based on the previous studies, this paper compares the concepts of interpersonal distance, social distance, psychological distance, parent-child relationship, parent-child communication and family affinity. It mainly refers to the emotional distance between parents and children, specifically the degree of emotional closeness or alienation between parents and children. In this study, the parent-child distance questionnaire (PCD) was first revised by using Thurstone technique. Taking middle school students as the research object, this paper analyzed the current situation of the distance between father and son and the distance between mother and son by using the revised questionnaire on the distance between parents and children. Through the parent-child distance questionnaire, the students with distance between parents and children were selected as subjects, and the parent-child distance before and after intervention was compared, which proved that the adjustment intervention was effective and feasible. Group counseling activities and situational training are used to improve students' communication ability in order to shorten the distance between parents and children. This study concludes: After revision of the parent-child distance questionnaire, the retest is valid and reliable. 2) the parents and children of junior high school students have incorrect ideas in dealing with and facing the problem of parent-child conflict, and lack of reasonable and effective communication skills and methods. 3) the experimental study shows that, to a certain extent, the activity classes for students can effectively help participants to increase parent-child affinity, promote parent-child communication, optimize and improve parent-child relationship, and shorten the distance between parents and children.
【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B844.2

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