小学高年级数学“图形与几何”有效教学的策略研究
发布时间：2019-03-04 20:24
【摘要】：数学新课标明确指出:“有效的数学学习活动,不能单纯的依赖模仿与记忆。动手实践、自主探索与合作交流是学生学习数学的重要方式。”传统的课堂,学生处于被动接受的状态,一般是老师教什么学生就学什么,学生的思维比较受限制,学生发言的机会也比较少。新时代的课堂应该把更多的主动权交给学生,让学生自主参与到学习活动中。学生不应该是被动地被教师带入课堂,而应该是学生带着问题,目标明确地进入课堂,在教师的帮助下进行新知的构建。教师要尊重学生的个性,多给学生展示的机会,让不同层次的学生都能体验到成功的喜悦。全文分为六个部分:第一部分:绪论。选题以新课改为背景,以提出有效的教学策略为目的,以文献研究、调查研究、实践研究相结合的方法进行研究。第二部分:概念界定与理论基础。有效教学是以学习中心论、建构主义学习理论作为理论基础,尊重学生的主体地位,把课堂主动权还给学生,使得学生学得好,学生发展得好的教学。“以学论教”是进行有效教学评价的根本出发点。第三部分:小学高年级数学“图形与几何”教学的现状调查及分析。设计小学高年级数学有效教学的调查问卷,分教师问卷和学生问卷。通过教师问卷了解当前小学高年级数学“图形与几何”领域教学的现状,从中找出普遍存在的问题。通过学生问卷了解学生的兴趣点以及学生视角下的教师行为。访谈作为问卷调查的补充,通过面对面的访谈交流,深入了解教师对有效教学的理解,了解教师在教学设计、课堂教学等方面的具体做法。第四部分:小学高年级数学“图形与几何”有效教学的策略。基于调查的结果,结合当下新课改的要求以及最新的教育理论,提出小学高年级数学“图形与几何”有效教学的策略。要实现有效教学需要扎实开展四个阶段的工作,即教学准备、教学实施、教学反馈、教学改进,环环相扣,逐步推进。在这四个阶段中,根据教学内容的需要采用自主探究、实践操作、合作交流、展示汇报等学习方式,丰富学生的学习经历。第五部分:小学高年级数学“图形与几何”有效教学的案例。笔者立足课堂,运用有效教学的策略开展五年级相关内容的教学实践,总结相关的经验。第六部分:研究的不足及展望。
[Abstract]:The new mathematics curriculum standard clearly points out: "effective mathematics learning activities, can not rely solely on imitation and memory." Hands-on practice, independent exploration and cooperative communication are important ways for students to learn mathematics. " In the traditional classroom, the students are in the state of passive acceptance. Generally, the teacher teaches the students what they want to learn, the students' thinking is limited, and the students have fewer opportunities to speak. The new era of classroom should give more initiative to students, so that students can participate in learning activities. Instead of being passively brought into the classroom by the teacher, students should enter the classroom with a clear goal, and construct new knowledge with the help of the teacher. Teachers should respect students' personality, give students more opportunities to show, so that different levels of students can experience the joy of success. The full text is divided into six parts: the first part: introduction. In order to put forward effective teaching strategies, the selected topic is based on the method of combining literature research, investigation research and practical research to change the background of the new course into a new one, and to put forward effective teaching strategies for the purpose of research. The second part: the definition of concept and the theoretical basis. Effective teaching is a kind of teaching which is based on learning-centered theory and constructivism learning theory, respecting the students' main position, giving the class initiative back to the students, so that the students can learn well and the students develop well. Learning is the basic starting point of effective teaching evaluation. The third part: the investigation and analysis of the present situation of the mathematics "figure and geometry" teaching in the senior grade of primary school. The questionnaire of effective mathematics teaching in primary school is designed, which is divided into teacher questionnaire and student questionnaire. Through the teacher questionnaire, the present situation of mathematics "figure and geometry" teaching in the senior grade of primary school is understood, and the common problems are found out. Through the student questionnaire to understand the students' interest points and students' perspective of teacher behavior. Through face-to-face interview, we can understand the teachers' understanding of effective teaching and the concrete methods of teaching design, classroom teaching and so on through face-to-face interview as a supplement to the questionnaire survey. The fourth part: the effective teaching strategy of "figure and geometry" in the senior grade of primary school. Based on the results of the investigation, combined with the requirements of the new curriculum reform and the latest educational theory, the effective teaching strategy of "figure and geometry" for senior grade mathematics in primary school is put forward. In order to achieve effective teaching, it is necessary to carry out four stages of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching feedback, teaching improvement, link-up and step-by-step promotion. In these four stages, according to the needs of the teaching content, independent inquiry, practical operation, cooperative communication, presentation and other learning methods are adopted to enrich the students' learning experience. The fifth part: the effective teaching case of "figure and geometry" in the senior grade of primary school. The author based on the classroom, using the effective teaching strategy to carry out the fifth grade related content teaching practice, summarize the relevant experience. Part VI: the deficiency and prospect of the research.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5
本文编号：2434598
[Abstract]:The new mathematics curriculum standard clearly points out: "effective mathematics learning activities, can not rely solely on imitation and memory." Hands-on practice, independent exploration and cooperative communication are important ways for students to learn mathematics. " In the traditional classroom, the students are in the state of passive acceptance. Generally, the teacher teaches the students what they want to learn, the students' thinking is limited, and the students have fewer opportunities to speak. The new era of classroom should give more initiative to students, so that students can participate in learning activities. Instead of being passively brought into the classroom by the teacher, students should enter the classroom with a clear goal, and construct new knowledge with the help of the teacher. Teachers should respect students' personality, give students more opportunities to show, so that different levels of students can experience the joy of success. The full text is divided into six parts: the first part: introduction. In order to put forward effective teaching strategies, the selected topic is based on the method of combining literature research, investigation research and practical research to change the background of the new course into a new one, and to put forward effective teaching strategies for the purpose of research. The second part: the definition of concept and the theoretical basis. Effective teaching is a kind of teaching which is based on learning-centered theory and constructivism learning theory, respecting the students' main position, giving the class initiative back to the students, so that the students can learn well and the students develop well. Learning is the basic starting point of effective teaching evaluation. The third part: the investigation and analysis of the present situation of the mathematics "figure and geometry" teaching in the senior grade of primary school. The questionnaire of effective mathematics teaching in primary school is designed, which is divided into teacher questionnaire and student questionnaire. Through the teacher questionnaire, the present situation of mathematics "figure and geometry" teaching in the senior grade of primary school is understood, and the common problems are found out. Through the student questionnaire to understand the students' interest points and students' perspective of teacher behavior. Through face-to-face interview, we can understand the teachers' understanding of effective teaching and the concrete methods of teaching design, classroom teaching and so on through face-to-face interview as a supplement to the questionnaire survey. The fourth part: the effective teaching strategy of "figure and geometry" in the senior grade of primary school. Based on the results of the investigation, combined with the requirements of the new curriculum reform and the latest educational theory, the effective teaching strategy of "figure and geometry" for senior grade mathematics in primary school is put forward. In order to achieve effective teaching, it is necessary to carry out four stages of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching feedback, teaching improvement, link-up and step-by-step promotion. In these four stages, according to the needs of the teaching content, independent inquiry, practical operation, cooperative communication, presentation and other learning methods are adopted to enrich the students' learning experience. The fifth part: the effective teaching case of "figure and geometry" in the senior grade of primary school. The author based on the classroom, using the effective teaching strategy to carry out the fifth grade related content teaching practice, summarize the relevant experience. Part VI: the deficiency and prospect of the research.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G623.5
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