中国小学数学教科书的难度分析——国际比较的视角

发布时间：2019-08-01 12:47

【摘要】：基于文献分析、调查研究和统计分析,本研究从内容广度(C1)、内容深度(C2)、习题难度(E)三个维度构建了小学数学教科书难易程度的数学模型N=0.2C1+0.5C2+0.3E,并应用该模型对中、日、韩、新、美、英、法、德、俄、澳10国有代表性的12套小学数学教科书的难度进行了定量分析。研究结果为:中国人教版小学数学教科书的综合难度居第5位,内容广度居第7位,内容深度居第6位,习题难度居第5位。研究表明,中国小学生数学课业负担过重的原因不是数学教科书过难,而是其他因素所致。从保障中国小学生拥有具有国际竞争力的数学素养来看,中国小学数学教科书可适当增加数学知识量,保持现有的知识教学要求和习题难度不变,同时进一步突出数学知识引入的抽象过程,增加探索性、开放性的数学问题。
[Abstract]:Based on literature analysis, investigation and statistical analysis, this study constructs a mathematical model N=0.2C1 0.5C2 0.3E for the difficulty degree of primary school mathematics textbooks from three dimensions: content breadth (C1), content depth (C2) and exercise difficulty (E). The model is used to quantitatively analyze the difficulty of 12 sets of primary school mathematics textbooks represented by 10 state-owned countries in China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, the United States, Britain, France, Germany, Russia and Australia. The results show that the comprehensive difficulty of Chinese primary school mathematics textbooks ranks fifth, the content breadth ranks seventh, the content depth ranks sixth, and the difficulty of exercises ranks fifth. The research shows that the excessive burden of mathematics lessons for primary school students in China is not due to the difficulty of mathematics textbooks, but to other factors. From the point of view of ensuring that Chinese primary school students have internationally competitive mathematics literacy, Chinese primary school mathematics textbooks can appropriately increase the amount of mathematics knowledge, keep the existing knowledge teaching requirements and exercises difficult unchanged, and further highlight the abstract process of mathematics knowledge introduction and increase exploratory and open mathematical problems.
【作者单位】：湖州师范学院教师教育学院;西南大学数学与统计学院;赣南师范学院数学与计算机科学学院;
【基金】：国家哲学社会科学基金2012年度教育学重点课题“中小学理科教材国际比较研究(小学数学)”(课题批准号:AHA120008)研究成果之一。课题负责人为宋乃庆,主要参与人员有姚纯青、杨新荣、张广祥、黄燕苹、鲍建生、于波、李忠如、张辉蓉、杜文久、金美月、巩子坤、夏小刚、张廷艳、李光树、朱福荣、魏林、康世刚、陈祥彬、孙卫红、朱乃明、邝孔秀、蔡庆有等80余人
【分类号】：G623.5

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