现代学校的危机与“功能共同体”的重建

发布时间：2018-03-06 04:11

本文选题：现代学校危机　切入点：功能共同体　出处：《教育理论与实践》2005年11期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：科尔曼认为学校是嵌于它周围的共同体中,这些共同体被称为“功能共同体”,而社会资本就存在于围绕在学校周围的社会结构闭合之中,它们对学生的学业成就和学校本身的发展具有重要影响。“功能共同体”的典型特征是:具有密集的社会关系网络和一套能够起主导作用的价值体系,这些社会关系不仅包括代际之间的关系,而且包括孩子的父母之间的以及其他共同体成员之间的关系。自从教育的制度化以来,家庭及社区的教育功能日渐衰退,学校与其周围的共同体之间的隔离日益加剧,学校愈来愈走向孤立化,从而导致学校“功能共同体”的丧失,致使当今的学校面临着各种危机。因此,当今学校变革的一条重要途径在于重建“功能共同体”,也就是重建其中的社会资本。此外,美国的天主教学校给我们带来了有益启示。
[Abstract]:Coleman believes that schools are embedded in the communities around them, which are called "functional communities," and that social capital exists in the closure of the social structure surrounding the school. They have an important impact on students' academic achievement and the development of the school itself. The typical characteristics of the "functional community" are: a dense network of social relations and a set of value systems that can play a leading role. These social relationships include not only intergenerational relationships, but also relationships between parents of children and other community members. Since the institutionalization of education, the educational function of families and communities has declined. The separation between schools and the communities around them is increasing, and the schools are becoming more and more isolated, which leads to the loss of the "functional communities" of schools, and the schools today are facing various crises. One of the important ways of school reform today is to rebuild the "functional community", that is, to rebuild the social capital. In addition, the Catholic schools in the United States have brought us useful enlightenment.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学教育学院
【分类号】：G471

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