高职学生学习动机激发和培养的研究

发布时间：2018-08-31 12:54

【摘要】：随着高等教育跨越式发展，我国高等职业教育业异军突起。高职教育体系的建立和崛起，一方面丰富了了我国高等教育体系结构，完善了职业教育体系框架；另一方面顺应了人民群众接受高等教育的迫切需要，顺应了现代化建设对高技能人才的迫切需要。但是，在现行升学考试制度下，高职在高考招生中的录取批次及分数划段，主客观上必然造成“低分学生进高职”的现状。进入高职后，有一部分学生能发奋读书不甘落后，但是有很大一部分学生没有学习目标，厌学苦学，上课逃课、考试作弊等现象并不鲜见。学生这样的学习态度不但影响了正常的教学活动、教学质量，而且也背离了高职教育发展的最终目标——培养高素质的技术应用型人才。因此，是什么因素影响了高职学生的学习动机；如何激发培养高职学生的学习动机这些方面的研究显得尤为重要。在前人研究的基础上，根据高职学生学习特点、规律，本文对学习动机的内涵、学习动机与学习目的及学习效果的关系、学习动机的相关理论进行了深入的分析，从学习目标、学习兴趣、学习信心、家庭环境、社会环境、教师教学、教学环境、课程设置及专业结构等方面提出了目前影响高职学生学习动机的内外因素。进一步论证了提高学生学习动机的必要性，有针对性的提出了培养和激发学生学习动机的对策。通过调查、访谈及大量的数据分析，在对高职学生学习动机调查结果分析的基础上，，本文揭示了当前高职学生学习在学习过程中反映出的诸多问题，例如学生个人的问题，学习目标不明确、缺乏学习兴趣；教学方面的问题，教学方式呆板、课程设置不合理；学习环境的问题，教学设备落后、学习氛围淡薄等等。本文立足于高职学生学习现状，找出了高职学生学习情绪不高，动力不足的症结所在，指出要激发高职学生的学习动机，提高教学质量，实现高职教育的培养目标必须创造良好的社会舆论环境、校园学习环境及就业环境，加强学校各项考核制度如出勤率考核，改革教学方式，科学设置课程等从外至内诱导学生树立合理的学习目标，让学生知晓学习的重要性，在学习过程中体验到学有所得的乐趣，从而使学生从苦学转为乐学，达到理想的教学效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of higher education by leaps and bounds, China's higher vocational education industry has suddenly emerged. The establishment and rise of higher vocational education system, on the one hand, enriches the structure of our higher education system and consummates the framework of vocational education system; on the other hand, it conforms to the urgent needs of the masses to receive higher education. In line with the modernization of high-skilled personnel urgent needs. However, under the current entrance examination system, the acceptance batches and grades of higher vocational colleges in the college entrance examination will inevitably lead to the present situation of "low score students entering higher vocational colleges" objectively and subjectively. After entering higher vocational education, some students can study hard and not fall behind, but a large number of students have no study goal, are tired of learning, skip classes, cheat in exams and so on. The students' learning attitude not only affects the normal teaching activities and teaching quality, but also deviates from the ultimate goal of the development of higher vocational education, that is, to train high quality applied technical talents. Therefore, what factors affect the learning motivation of higher vocational students, and how to stimulate and cultivate the learning motivation of vocational students is particularly important. On the basis of previous studies, according to the characteristics and rules of higher vocational students' study, this paper makes a deep analysis of the connotation of learning motivation, the relationship between learning motivation, learning purpose and learning effect, and the relevant theories of learning motivation. This paper puts forward the internal and external factors that affect the motivation of higher vocational students from the aspects of learning interest, learning confidence, family environment, social environment, teachers' teaching, teaching environment, curriculum setting and professional structure. This paper further demonstrates the necessity of improving students' learning motivation, and puts forward countermeasures to cultivate and stimulate students' learning motivation. Through investigation, interview and a lot of data analysis, based on the analysis of the results of the investigation on the students' learning motivation, this paper reveals many problems reflected in the learning process of the students in higher vocational education, such as the individual problems of the students. Learning goals are unclear, lack of interest in learning; problems in teaching, rigid teaching methods, unreasonable curriculum; problems in learning environment, backward teaching equipment, weak learning atmosphere, and so on. Based on the present situation of higher vocational students' study, this paper finds out the crux of the students' low learning mood and insufficient motivation, and points out that it is necessary to stimulate the students' learning motivation and improve the teaching quality. To realize the training goal of higher vocational education, we must create a good environment of public opinion, study environment and employment environment on campus, strengthen the examination system of school attendance, reform the teaching method, Setting up courses from outside to inside can induce students to set up reasonable learning goals, let students know the importance of learning, and experience the fun of learning in the process of learning, so that students can change from hard study to happy learning, and achieve the ideal teaching effect.
【学位授予单位】：湖北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G712

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