新疆小额保险发展研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 18:53

本文选题：新疆小额保险　切入点：低收入　出处：《新疆财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：世界银行的统计数据显示，2010年全球各地区约有12.15亿的人口生活在贫困线以下，这些人大多数生活在农村及边远地区，他们处于社会的底层，收入水平低，抵御风险能力远不及中高等收入人群，那些中高等收入人群有固定的工作，既有完善的社会保障体系覆盖，也是商业保险的最主要客户。而居住在农村等偏远地区的低收入群体在购买不起商业保险的同时，，也被社会保障体系排除在外。为了改善低收入人群当前保障体系的缺陷现状，国际上流行一种小额保险，它以低廉的保费为低收入人群提供能够保障基本生产、生活的保险产品，具有商业保险和社会公益的双重特征，被认为是一种有效的扶贫手段,得到越来越多国家和组织的重视和利用。新疆由于历史与现实原因，人均收入水平远低于内地省市，同时，恶劣的自然环境不仅影响收入，而且危及生命。若家庭的主要劳动力遭遇风险事故，那么整个家庭将会陷入极度贫困中。根据新疆2013年统计年鉴数据，2012年，新疆有320万人处在贫困线以下。虽然新型农村合作医疗在全疆的覆盖率已经很高，但报销比例低，以及存在封顶线等不足，导致因灾致贫、因病返贫的现象仍然存在。推行小额保险能够在一定程度上可以帮助低收入者转移风险，降低损失程度，改善低收入者因病返贫、因灾致贫的境况，使得这些家庭可以开始关注子女教育，安心从事农牧业活动，从而促进新疆农村的进步，有利于推进整个新疆社会和谐稳定。本文采用问卷调查形式，以户为单位进行走访，共发放问卷400份，剔除无效问卷93份，收回有效问卷307份，并在实地调查的基础上，分析发现新疆小额保险市场存在居民对小额保险认知不足、小额保险销售渠道单一以及小额保险产品与需求错位等问题。为解决这些问题，作者通过阅读文献，借鉴国内外经验，对新疆发展小额保险提出对策建议。
[Abstract]:In 2010, about one billion two hundred and fifteen million people in all regions of the world lived below the poverty line, most of them living in rural and remote areas. They were at the bottom of society and had low income levels, according to World Bank statistics. The ability to resist risks is far less than that of the middle and higher income groups, who have fixed jobs and are covered by a sound social security system. It is also the most important customer of commercial insurance. While low-income groups living in remote areas such as rural areas cannot afford commercial insurance, they are also excluded from the social security system. In order to improve the status quo of the current security system for low-income people, Internationally, a kind of micro-insurance is popular. It provides insurance products for low-income people with low premiums, which can guarantee basic production and livelihood. It has the dual characteristics of commercial insurance and social commonweal. It is considered to be an effective means of poverty alleviation. Get more and more attention and use of countries and organizations. Due to historical and practical reasons, the level of per capita income in Xinjiang is far lower than that in inland provinces and cities. At the same time, the poor natural environment not only affects income, but also endangers life. Well, the whole family will fall into extreme poverty. According to the statistics and yearbooks of Xinjiang on 2013, in 2012, 3.2 million people in Xinjiang were below the poverty line. Although the coverage rate of the new rural cooperative medical system in Xinjiang is already very high, the reimbursement rate is low. The phenomenon of poverty caused by disasters and the return to poverty due to illness still exists. To a certain extent, the implementation of micro-insurance can help low-income people to transfer risks, reduce the degree of loss, and improve the return of low-income people to poverty as a result of illness. Due to the situation of poverty caused by disasters, these families can begin to pay attention to the education of their children and engage in agricultural and animal husbandry activities at ease, thus promoting the progress of Xinjiang's rural areas and promoting the social harmony and stability of Xinjiang as a whole. In this paper, a questionnaire survey was conducted in household units, 400 questionnaires were sent out, 93 invalid questionnaires were excluded, 307 valid questionnaires were retrieved, and based on the field investigation, a total of 307 valid questionnaires were collected. It is found that there are some problems in Xinjiang micro-insurance market, such as the lack of awareness of micro-insurance, the single channel of micro-insurance sales and the dislocation of micro-insurance products and demand. In order to solve these problems, the author reads the literature. Draw lessons from domestic and foreign experience, put forward countermeasures and suggestions to Xinjiang to develop microinsurance.
【学位授予单位】：新疆财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F842.7

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