云南省稻田养鱼产业现状及发展对策研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 04:26

本文关键词：云南省稻田养鱼产业现状及发展对策研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着现代农业生产技术的广泛应用,越来越多的化肥、农药投入到农业生产中,农业生态环境逐步恶化,农残现象大量出现,对人类身体健康产生了极大的危害。这时,绿色、安全、健康、营养的农产品应运而生。作为一种传统生态种养模式,稻田养鱼能大量减少农药、化肥等化学药剂的施用,不但有效保护了农业生态环境,使得稻田产出的农产品也相对安全,还能最大限度地利用稻田,促进稻谷稳产增产,对农民增收、农业与环境协调发展具有非同一般的意义。本文首先对实施稻田养鱼的背景及意义进行了描述,结合国内外专家学者对稻田养鱼的研究综述,探讨了稻田养鱼的概念、能量转化原理及经济、生态、社会效益。接着,通过对云南省稻田养鱼发展历史的研究,指出云南省具有发展稻田养鱼产业得天独厚的自然与资源条件。继而通过与全国稻田养鱼发达省份的综合比较分析、云南省内各区域横向比较分析以及近年来云南省稻田养鱼在时间轴上的纵向比较分析,得出云南省稻田养鱼产业发展中存在的问题：一是政府重视程度不够,资金投入不足；二是养殖技术不规范,工程化水平低下；三是地区发展差异大,产业化程度不高；四是鱼种质量不高,养殖品种较为单一；五是农民商品意识淡薄,销售渠道不畅。在此基础上,本文对应提出了云南省发展稻田养鱼产业的对策建议,并将其归纳为“提高重视,加强领导,增加投入；加强管理,依靠科技,推进工程；统筹兼顾,重点扶持,形成规模；因地制宜,自育鱼苗,丰富品种：转变观念,紧跟需求,打造品牌”。最后,笔者在结语部分指出了本文的创新之处与不足之处,并提出了应大力发展绿色经济和生态农业的观点,同时也对云南省如何发展生态农业以及如何促进生态农业与传统农业方式的协调发展等做出展望。
[Abstract]:With the extensive application of modern agricultural production technology, more and more chemical fertilizers and pesticides have been put into agricultural production, the agricultural ecological environment has gradually deteriorated, and a large number of agricultural residues have emerged. At this time, green, safe, healthy and nutritious agricultural products came into being. As a traditional ecological breeding model, fish farming in rice fields can greatly reduce pesticides. The application of chemical chemicals, such as chemical fertilizers, not only effectively protects the agricultural ecological environment, makes the agricultural products produced in the paddy field relatively safe, but also maximizes the utilization of the rice field, promotes the rice yield to increase steadily, and increases the farmers' income. The coordinated development of agriculture and environment has special significance. Firstly, this paper describes the background and significance of fish farming in rice field, and summarizes the research on fish culture in rice field combined with experts and scholars at home and abroad. The concept, principle of energy conversion and economic, ecological and social benefits of fish culture in paddy field were discussed. Then, the development history of fish culture in rice field in Yunnan Province was studied. It is pointed out that Yunnan Province has the unique natural and resource conditions for the development of fish farming industry in rice field, and then through the comprehensive comparative analysis with the developed provinces of paddy field fish culture in China. The horizontal comparative analysis of different regions in Yunnan Province and the longitudinal comparative analysis on the time axis of fish culture in Yunnan rice field in recent years, the problems existing in the development of fish culture industry in Yunnan rice field are obtained: first, the government does not pay enough attention to the development of fish culture industry in rice paddy field of Yunnan Province. Insufficient capital investment; Second, the breeding technology is not standardized, the engineering level is low; Third, the regional development difference is big, the industrialization degree is not high; Fourth, the quality of fish species is not high, breeding varieties are relatively single; On the basis of this, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions of developing the fish farming industry in rice field in Yunnan Province, and concludes it as "pay more attention to, strengthen the leadership and increase the input;" Strengthen management, rely on science and technology, promote the project; Overall planning, key support, formation of scale; According to local conditions, breeding fish fry, rich varieties: change ideas, follow demand, build brand. Finally, the author points out the innovation and deficiency of this article in the conclusion part. It also puts forward the viewpoint that green economy and ecological agriculture should be developed energetically. It also looks forward to how to develop ecological agriculture and how to promote the harmonious development of ecological agriculture and traditional agriculture in Yunnan Province.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F327

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