中国高新技术产业集聚与出口复杂度关系的研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 07:08

本文选题：高新技术产业 + 出口技术复杂度　；参考：《华中科技大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国的经济社会发展取得了万众瞩目的成就,对外贸易总额尤其是出口额不断增长。近年来,本着调整经济结构、转变经济发展方式,促进经济社会可持续发展的总体要求,国家越来越重视高新技术产业,尤其是高新技术产业的发展。目前我国已经形成了一批区域性的高新技术产业集群,如北京中关村、上海张江科技园区等等,这种产业集聚效应对高新技术产业的产品出口产生了显著的影响,因此研究高新产业集聚程度与该产业产品出口技术复杂度之间的关系具有一定的现实意义。本文首先描述了中国高新技术产业发展的现状,包括出口现状和产业集聚现状两个方面。然后在OECD高新技术产业分类模型的基础上,计算了我国2007—2014年5大高新技术产业细分行业的出口技术复杂度,考察了其出口技术结构的动态演进。结合企业异质性理论探讨了产业集聚与出口技术复杂度的微观互动机制,并采用联立方程模型实证检验了二者的互动机制,从数理角度证实了产业集聚对高新制造业产品出口技术复杂度的促进作用。研究发现,产业空间集聚程度的提升能显著地促进出口技术复杂度的升级,然而出口技术复杂度的提升反过来会削弱产业的空间集聚程度。同时,人力资本、资本密集度等因素对于出口技术复杂度的提升会起到促进作用,研发强度和行业技术创新能力等因素也会促进产业空间集聚程度的提升。在上述理论分析和数理实证的基础上,针对我国发展高新技术产业提出了一些政策建议：政府应当合理规划产业布局,引导高新技术产业及其细分行业不断提高产业集聚度,形成产业集聚区百花齐放的局面；引导开展产业技术论坛等定期交流机制,促进集群内企业的沟通与合作；采取相应措施促进国内外企业在高新技术领域开展合作,引导企业提升自主研发和创新能力。高新技术产业企业要通过加大战略性区位选择、加大研发投入力度等手段来提升企业自主创新能力和产品出口技术水平。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements, the total volume of foreign trade, especially the export volume has been increasing. In recent years, in line with the overall requirements of adjusting the economic structure, changing the mode of economic development and promoting the sustainable development of economic society, the state has paid more and more attention to the development of high-tech industries, especially high-tech industries. At present, China has formed a number of regional high-tech industrial clusters, such as Zhongguancun in Beijing, Zhangjiang Science and Technology Park in Shanghai, and so on. This kind of industrial agglomeration has a significant impact on the export of high-tech industries. Therefore, it is of practical significance to study the relationship between the degree of hi-tech industry agglomeration and the technological complexity of the industry's export. This paper first describes the development of high-tech industries in China, including export and industrial agglomeration. Then, based on the classification model of OECD high-tech industry, the export technology complexity of five major high-tech industries in China from 2007 to 2014 is calculated, and the dynamic evolution of export technology structure is investigated. Combined with the theory of enterprise heterogeneity, this paper discusses the micro interactive mechanism of the complexity of industrial agglomeration and export technology, and uses the simultaneous equation model to empirically test the interaction mechanism between the two. The effect of industrial agglomeration on the technical complexity of high-tech manufacturing export is proved from the mathematical point of view. It is found that the enhancement of the degree of industrial spatial agglomeration can significantly promote the upgrading of export technology complexity, however, the increase of export technology complexity will weaken the degree of industrial spatial agglomeration. At the same time, human capital, capital intensity and other factors will promote the complexity of export technology, R & D intensity and technological innovation ability will also promote the degree of industrial spatial agglomeration. On the basis of the above theoretical analysis and mathematical evidence, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the development of high and new technology industry in China: the government should plan the industrial layout rationally, guide the high-tech industry and its subdivision industries to continuously improve the degree of industrial convergence. To form a situation in which a hundred flowers bloom in the industrial agglomeration area; to guide the development of regular exchange mechanisms such as the Industrial Technology Forum to promote communication and cooperation among enterprises in the cluster; and to take appropriate measures to promote cooperation between domestic and foreign enterprises in the field of high and new technology. Guide enterprises to improve their own R & D and innovation capabilities. High-tech industry enterprises should enhance their independent innovation ability and export technology level by means of increasing strategic location choice and increasing R & D investment.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F276.44;F752.62

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