多功能牧草粉碎机关键机构的设计及制造工艺研究
发布时间：2018-08-30 10:41
【摘要】：随着现代畜牧业的快速发展,牧草产品作为物质基础奠定了其在资源中不可替代的角色。欧美国家对畜牧业的发展十分重视,将其看作是“绿色黄金”产业,当作“立国之本”,荷兰人用2/3的耕地种草来发展草业,视其为“生命之本”。相比之下,我国牧草产业起步较晚,始于20世纪80年代中期,直到90年代中后期才涌现出一些牧草种植和加工企业。21世纪以来,随着人们对畜禽产品质量安全关注程度的提高和改善生态环境的迫切要求,我国牧草产业逐步兴起并已成为保障我国畜牧业持续健康发展的基础产业,已经成为农民增收的新亮点。新疆具有较为丰富的牧草资源,可以广泛的运用在畜牧产业作为饲料,而且在引种、育种等方面都有着不小的贡献。虽说新疆有多种多样的牧草类型,牧草资源相对较为丰富,但在粉碎过程中,粉碎效率、机械功耗以及适应性方面都有待提高。目前使用的粉碎机在适应的物料上较为单一,使用寿命、粉碎效率、机械功耗等方面没有针对性的进行合理的设计及优化。本课题对粉碎机整机结构、粉碎效率、工作能耗、关键部件的使用性能等方面进行研究,结合牧草、芦苇、秸秆等粗纤维特性,进一步设计并制造出一种多功能牧草粉碎机。本文主要内容如下:(1)研究多功能牧草粉碎机,粉碎对象主要为牧草、芦苇、秸秆等粗纤维资源。通过查阅大量资料对粉碎对象各项特性进行分析研究,根据实际生产需要,确定粉碎机的粉碎效果,进一步完善粉碎机的设计方案与原则。(2)以粉碎机整体设计方案与原则为基础,进一步对转子总成、喂料装置、粉碎室等关键零部件进行设计。详细研究了锤片等部件的性能及工作过程,并对其进行了具体的设计和计算,确定了多功能牧草粉碎机关键部件的组成、安装、相关参数和具体尺寸。(3)运用软件,对主轴、锤片进行有限元分析,证明了其设计参数能够满足实际工作要求;运用软件对转子总成进行了动平衡分析,证明了本粉碎机转子总成的设计,在高速平稳运行时处于动平衡状态。(4)对粉碎机关键部件的结构做出进一步研究,分析其制造难点及加工技术要求,确定加工工艺方案,确定工艺顺序安排、加工具体参数以及设备的选择。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern animal husbandry, forage products, as a material basis, have laid an irreplaceable role in resources. Europe and the United States attach great importance to the development of animal husbandry, regard it as a "green gold" industry, as the foundation of the country, the Dutch use 2 / 3 of the arable land recommended to develop the grass industry, regard it as "the foundation of life". In contrast, the forage industry in China started relatively late, beginning in the mid-1980s, and only in the middle and late 1990s did some forage planting and processing enterprises emerge since the 21st century. With the improvement of the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products and the urgent requirement of improving the ecological environment, the herbage industry in our country is gradually rising and has become the basic industry to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of animal husbandry in our country. It has become a new bright spot for farmers to increase their income. Xinjiang is rich in forage resources, which can be widely used as feed in animal husbandry industry, and has great contribution in introduction, breeding and so on. Although there are a variety of forage types in Xinjiang, the forage resources are relatively rich, but in the process of crushing, the crushing efficiency, mechanical power consumption and adaptability all need to be improved. At present, the pulverizer is not designed and optimized properly in the aspects of single material, service life, comminuting efficiency, mechanical power consumption and so on. In this paper, the whole machine structure, crushing efficiency, working energy consumption and performance of key parts are studied. A multi-function forage mill is designed and manufactured by combining the characteristics of coarse fiber such as forage, Reed, straw and so on. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the multifunctional forage grinder is studied. The comminuting object is forage, Reed, straw and other coarse fiber resources. By consulting a large amount of data to analyze and study the characteristics of comminuted objects, according to the actual production needs, the grinding effect of the pulverizer is determined. (2) based on the whole design scheme and principle of pulverizer, the key parts such as rotor assembly, feeding device, comminution chamber and so on are designed. The performance and working process of hammers and other components are studied in detail, and the specific design and calculation are carried out, and the composition, installation, relevant parameters and specific dimensions of the key components of the multifunctional forage mill are determined. (3) using software, the spindle is designed and calculated. The finite element analysis of the hammer plate proves that the design parameters can meet the practical requirements, and the dynamic balance analysis of the rotor assembly is carried out by using software, and the design of the rotor assembly of the pulverizer is proved. (4) further research on the structure of the key parts of the pulverizer, analysis of its manufacturing difficulties and processing technical requirements, determination of the processing technology scheme, determination of the process sequence, Machining parameters and equipment selection.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S817.122
，
本文编号：2212827
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern animal husbandry, forage products, as a material basis, have laid an irreplaceable role in resources. Europe and the United States attach great importance to the development of animal husbandry, regard it as a "green gold" industry, as the foundation of the country, the Dutch use 2 / 3 of the arable land recommended to develop the grass industry, regard it as "the foundation of life". In contrast, the forage industry in China started relatively late, beginning in the mid-1980s, and only in the middle and late 1990s did some forage planting and processing enterprises emerge since the 21st century. With the improvement of the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products and the urgent requirement of improving the ecological environment, the herbage industry in our country is gradually rising and has become the basic industry to ensure the sustainable and healthy development of animal husbandry in our country. It has become a new bright spot for farmers to increase their income. Xinjiang is rich in forage resources, which can be widely used as feed in animal husbandry industry, and has great contribution in introduction, breeding and so on. Although there are a variety of forage types in Xinjiang, the forage resources are relatively rich, but in the process of crushing, the crushing efficiency, mechanical power consumption and adaptability all need to be improved. At present, the pulverizer is not designed and optimized properly in the aspects of single material, service life, comminuting efficiency, mechanical power consumption and so on. In this paper, the whole machine structure, crushing efficiency, working energy consumption and performance of key parts are studied. A multi-function forage mill is designed and manufactured by combining the characteristics of coarse fiber such as forage, Reed, straw and so on. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the multifunctional forage grinder is studied. The comminuting object is forage, Reed, straw and other coarse fiber resources. By consulting a large amount of data to analyze and study the characteristics of comminuted objects, according to the actual production needs, the grinding effect of the pulverizer is determined. (2) based on the whole design scheme and principle of pulverizer, the key parts such as rotor assembly, feeding device, comminution chamber and so on are designed. The performance and working process of hammers and other components are studied in detail, and the specific design and calculation are carried out, and the composition, installation, relevant parameters and specific dimensions of the key components of the multifunctional forage mill are determined. (3) using software, the spindle is designed and calculated. The finite element analysis of the hammer plate proves that the design parameters can meet the practical requirements, and the dynamic balance analysis of the rotor assembly is carried out by using software, and the design of the rotor assembly of the pulverizer is proved. (4) further research on the structure of the key parts of the pulverizer, analysis of its manufacturing difficulties and processing technical requirements, determination of the processing technology scheme, determination of the process sequence, Machining parameters and equipment selection.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S817.122
，
本文编号：2212827
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