我国创意城市评价研究

发布时间：2018-08-22 14:59

【摘要】：创意城市的出现源于解决工业城市遗留都市难题的现实需要。重工业在为人类带来经济巨大发展的同时，也给城市造成了交通拥堵、空气污染、生活成本飙升等一系列问题，导致企业外迁、产业转移、经济停滞。为了激发城市活力，实现城市复兴，，创意城市的概念与构想应运而生。由于国内对创意城市理解存在偏差，导致出现创意产业园区建设热，而忽略了社会宽容的提升以及城市创意氛围的培育等更为重要的工作。因此，有必要厘清创意城市内涵、特征及构成要素，并设计一套符合我国国情的评价指标体系，以帮助各城市政府根据自身的优势资源，建设各具特色的创意城市，这是本文写作的初衷。本文首先梳理和评论国内外学术界对创意产业、创意城市构成和类型以及创意城市评价的相关研究，从创意城市发展特点和演进规律出发，结合国情，完善我国创意城市评价的理论和框架。其次，依据评价框架构建我国创意城市评价指标体系，利用我国20个主要城市2005至2009年的统计数据和问卷调查数据，运用结构方程模型，对我国创意城市发展状况进行评价。最后，结合评价结果和各地区各城市的实际，提出创意城市构建的目标、战略和措施。研究发现：一、创意城市并非某个或某几个城市的特权，每个城市都有发展和成为创意城市的潜质；二、城市环境、文化创意产业、创意人才资源、城市政府支持、科学技术、城市社会价值以及城市宽容度等七个要素相互联系、相互影响，共同推动我国创意城市发展；三、各个要素作用互不相同，城市政府支持对我国创意城市构建和发展起导向作用，人才和宽容度是决定我国创意城市建设与发展的关键要素，文化创意产业和科学技术在其中起核心作用，城市环境和城市社会价值决定了创意生态；四、同一经济区域范围内城市产业结构、文化特征及社会价值方面会呈现出趋同性，各经济区必须根据自身实际确立创意城市发展方向，如海峡西岸经济区应该把握有利契机，实现两岸创意城市互动，长株潭城市群可以用媒体助创意城市发展，成渝经济区构建西南草根创意城市等等；五、各城市应依据评价结果，利用优势资源，结合所处的区位条件，按照“目标、战略——措施”的思路，有重点、有层次地推进我国创意城市建设与发展。本文的创新主要有三点。第一，根据国情，提出了创意城市建设的七个维度，构建了创意城市评价指标体系，并从理论和统计检验两个层面验证了指标体系合理性；第二，将结构方程模型引入创意城市评价，解决了之前评价方法中存在的诸多缺陷，如指标权重确定主观随意、无法混和处理定量和定性指标以及不能同时估计因子结构和因子关系等；第三，结合各个城市所处的区位条件，有针对性的提出创意城市构建的战略、目标和措施。当然，本文还存在诸多不足。比如，由于统计口径存在差异，使用替代指标和软性指标等问题，创意城市实证评价的精准度受到一定的限制和影响；又如，结构方程模型只能解决线性拟合问题，难于解释因子之间可能存在的非线性关系等。由于能力和条件所限，这些问题只能在后续研究解决。
[Abstract]:The emergence of creative cities stems from the realistic need to solve the urban problems left over by industrial cities. While heavy industry has brought about tremendous economic development for mankind, it has also caused a series of problems such as traffic congestion, air pollution and soaring cost of living in cities, resulting in the relocation of enterprises, industrial transfer and economic stagnation. The concept and conception of creative city emerge as the times require. Due to the misunderstanding of creative city in China, the construction of creative industry parks is hot, but the promotion of social tolerance and the cultivation of urban creative atmosphere are neglected. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the connotation, characteristics and elements of creative city. It is the original intention of this paper to design a set of evaluation index system which suits our country's national conditions so as to help each city government build its own creative city according to its own superior resources.
Firstly, this paper reviews the research on creative industries, the composition and types of creative cities, and the evaluation of creative cities in the academic circles at home and abroad. Starting from the development characteristics and evolution laws of creative cities, and combining with the national conditions, this paper perfects the theory and framework of the evaluation of creative cities in China. Based on the statistical data and questionnaire survey data of 20 major cities in China from 2005 to 2009, this paper uses structural equation model to evaluate the development of creative cities in China.
It is found that: 1) creative city is not the privilege of one or several cities, each city has the potential to develop and become a creative city; 2) urban environment, cultural and creative industries, creative talent resources, urban government support, science and technology, urban social value and urban tolerance are interrelated and influence each other. Third, the role of each factor is different. Urban government support plays a guiding role in the construction and development of creative cities in China. Talents and tolerance are the key factors that determine the construction and development of creative cities in China. Cultural creative industries and science and technology play a central role in the development of creative cities, urban environment and urban communities. Fourthly, the industrial structure, cultural characteristics and social values of cities in the same economic region will show convergence. Each economic zone must establish the development direction of creative cities according to its own reality. For example, the Economic Zone on the west side of the Taiwan Strait should grasp the favorable opportunity to realize the interaction between creative cities on both sides of the Strait, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan. Urban agglomerations can use the media to help the development of creative cities, Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Zone to construct a grassroots creative city in southwest China, etc. Fifthly, cities should promote the construction and development of creative cities in China in a key and hierarchical way according to the evaluation results, the use of superior resources, the location conditions and the thinking of "objectives, strategies and measures".
There are three main innovations in this paper. Firstly, according to the national conditions, seven dimensions of creative city construction are put forward, and the evaluation index system of creative city is constructed, and the rationality of the index system is verified from the theoretical and statistical aspects. Secondly, the structural equation model is introduced into the evaluation of creative city to solve the problems existing in the previous evaluation methods. There are many defects, such as the subjective and arbitrary determination of index weight, the inability to mix quantitative and qualitative indicators, and the inability to simultaneously estimate the factor structure and factor relations; third, combined with the location conditions of each city, targeted strategies, objectives and measures for the construction of creative cities. Because of the differences in statistical calibre, the use of alternative indicators and soft indicators, the accuracy of empirical evaluation of creative cities is limited and affected to a certain extent; for example, structural equation model can only solve the problem of linear fitting, it is difficult to explain the possible nonlinear relationship between factors. It can only be solved in subsequent studies.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F299.2;F719;F224

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