重载列车对沿线建筑物的振动影响评价及减振研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 03:36

本文选题：重载列车　切入点：振动标准　出处：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：重载列车已经成为全世界货运发展的主力方向,我国的重载铁路线也在不断增多,城市地铁蓬勃发展,这些轨道交通所产生的振动对沿线的建筑物产生的影响越来越严重。重载列车相比其他形式的轨道交通产生的振动更强烈,更应该受到重视。而我国当前对于重载列车振动的研究尚处于初步阶段,相关的振动检测及对沿线建筑物的振动影响研究还很少,在此情况下本文所做的工作如下:(1)对比分析各国关于列车振动对环境影响的相关规范,从两方面比较:一是列车振动对建筑结构的影响;另一方面是对建筑物内人体舒适性评价标准的比较。(2)根据朔黄重载铁路其中一段线路的实测振动波为依据,分别在时域和频域内对其分析,为振动评估提供参考,同时对周边建筑物的减振隔振提供依据,并在后续的振动分析中以实测振动波作为输入激励。(3)采用通用有限元分析软件SAP2000建立6层框架结构及2层砌体结构模型,分析在重载列车实测波作用下的振动反应;改变板厚、跨度等参数,分析结构本身特性的改变对振动反应的影响;在分析的基础上,依据相关标准,评价建筑结构内人体的舒适度和结构的安全性。(4)采用碟形弹簧竖向隔振支座,选择合适的刚度、阻尼等参数,对比不隔振模型和隔振模型的振动响应,并分析其隔振效果。经过理论分析及对模型的振动计算,获得了如下的主要结论:(1)重载列车产生的振动波相比于高速列车及地铁要强烈得多,水平向的振动要大于竖向的振动,且各向振动的卓越频率在40-50Hz之间;振动的衰减表现为高频衰减较快,低频衰减较慢。(2)振动波传播到建筑物上后,结构振动以竖向振动为主,但水平向振动不可忽视。中低层结构竖向振动表现随楼层的增加振动越强烈,顶层竖向振动最大;而水平向振动则存在拐点,振动最大处可能为中间的某一楼层。(3)碟形弹簧竖向隔振支座对于竖向隔振的效果非常明显,选择合适的碟簧组合可以调整所要求的竖向刚度,隔振传递率能达到0.1左右,竖向隔振效果非常明显,对低层砌体也能减小水平向振动,使其加速度振级符合国家标准。
[Abstract]:Heavy haul trains have become the main direction of freight transport development all over the world. The number of heavy haul railway lines in our country is also increasing, and the urban subway is booming. The vibration produced by these rail transit is more and more serious to the buildings along the route. The vibration of heavy-haul trains is more intense than that of other forms of rail transit. However, the research on the vibration of heavy-haul trains in our country is still in the initial stage, and there are few studies on the vibration detection and vibration effects on buildings along the route. In this case, the work done in this paper is as follows: (1) comparing and analyzing the relevant norms of train vibration on environmental impact in various countries, and comparing them from two aspects: first, the influence of train vibration on building structure; On the other hand, the comparison of the criteria for evaluating the comfort of human bodies in buildings. 2) according to the measured vibration waves of one section of the heavy haul railway line in Shuohuang, it is analyzed in the time domain and in the frequency domain respectively, which provides a reference for the vibration assessment. At the same time, it provides the basis for vibration reduction and isolation of surrounding buildings. In the subsequent vibration analysis, the measured vibration wave is taken as the input excitation. The general finite element analysis software SAP2000 is used to establish a 6-story frame structure and a two-story masonry structure model. The vibration response of heavy haul train under the action of measured wave is analyzed, and the influence of the change of structure characteristics on vibration response is analyzed by changing the parameters of plate thickness and span. In order to evaluate the comfort of human body and the safety of the structure in building structure, the vertical vibration isolation bearing with disc spring is adopted, and the appropriate stiffness and damping parameters are selected to compare the vibration response of the non-isolation model and the vibration isolation model. Through theoretical analysis and vibration calculation of the model, the following main conclusions are obtained: 1) the vibration waves produced by heavy haul train are much stronger than those of high-speed train and subway, and the horizontal vibration is larger than the vertical vibration. The excellent frequency of vibration in each direction is between 40 and 50 Hz, the attenuation of vibration is that the attenuation of high frequency is faster, the attenuation of low frequency is slower. The vibration wave propagates to the building, and the vibration of the structure is mainly vertical vibration. But the horizontal vibration can not be ignored. The stronger the vertical vibration is with the increase of the floor, the maximum vertical vibration in the top layer, while the inflection point exists in the horizontal vibration. The maximum vibration may be one floor in the middle. 3) the vertical vibration isolation support of the disc spring is very effective for vertical vibration isolation. The required vertical stiffness can be adjusted by selecting the appropriate disc spring combination, and the isolation transfer rate can reach about 0.1. The vertical vibration isolation effect is very obvious, and the horizontal vibration can also be reduced for the low story masonry, which makes the acceleration vibration level conform to the national standard.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U270.1;TU311.3

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