不同能源形式分布式供冷的能效与经济性分析

发布时间：2018-10-25 19:45

【摘要】：面对空调冷热源供应的多样性,站在不同的角度可有不同的选择,煤炭,电力,天然气被广泛的用于空调系统的能源供应,其价格的飞涨,使得能源形式十分严峻。因此有人提出在北方集中供暖地区,夏季可以利用热电厂,城市热网、换热站的热介质给城市集中供冷的技术,然而有很多专家对这一供冷技术存在疑虑和争议,因此有必要对这一问题做更深入的研究,本论文对三种不同能源形式的分布式供冷方式:以热水为冷源的基于城市热网夏季供冷,以电为冷源的电制冷,以及以天然气为冷源的天然气型供冷方式的能效和经济性进行了深入的分析。本文采用一次能源利用率、一次能源节能率等综合效率指标概念对比分析了以上三种供冷方式的燃料和能效差异。深入分析了热电联产的发电效率和供热效率,制冷装置的性能系数,不同燃机供热效率等因素对基于城市热网夏季供冷模式能效的影响。通过计算分析,在相同冷量下电价、热价、气价的关系,提出了临界热价,临界电价,从而得出了基于城市热网夏季供冷方式供冷成本的经济性。本文以西安市“金域华府二期”的住宅小区为例,利用Dest-h模拟软件计算确定其冷负荷指标。从初投资和运行费用两方面,利用最小费用法对这三种方式进行经济性分析。研究表明在2014年西安市热价,气价,电价的基础上基于城市热网(标准热水的供冷方式并不具备明显的经济效益)。
[Abstract]:In the face of the diversity of air conditioning cold and heat sources, there are different options from different angles. Coal, electricity and natural gas are widely used in the energy supply of air conditioning system. The soaring price makes the energy form very severe. Therefore, it has been suggested that in the northern central heating area, the heat medium of thermal power plants, urban heat networks, and heat exchange stations can be used in summer to provide centralized cooling to cities. However, there are many experts who have doubts and disputes about this cooling technology. Therefore, it is necessary to do more research on this problem. In this paper, three kinds of distributed cooling modes with different energy sources are discussed: hot water cooling based on urban heating network in summer, electric refrigeration based on electricity as cold source. The energy efficiency and economy of natural gas cooling mode with natural gas as cold source are analyzed. In this paper, the fuel and energy efficiency differences of the three cooling modes are compared and analyzed by using the concepts of primary energy efficiency, primary energy saving rate and so on. The effects of generation efficiency and heating efficiency of cogeneration, performance coefficient of refrigeration unit and heating efficiency of different gas turbine on energy efficiency of summer cooling mode based on urban heating network are analyzed. Through calculation and analysis, the relationship among electricity price, heat price and gas price under the same cooling capacity is analyzed, and the critical heat price and critical electricity price are put forward, and the economy of cooling cost based on summer cooling mode of urban heating network is obtained. In this paper, taking the residential district of "Jinyu second stage" in Xi'an as an example, the cold load index is determined by Dest-h simulation software. From the aspects of initial investment and operation cost, the economic analysis of these three ways is carried out by using the method of minimum cost. The results show that the heating price, gas price and electricity price of Xi'an city in 2014 are based on urban heat network (the cooling mode of standard hot water has no obvious economic benefit).
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU83

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