基于新兴信息技术的建设项目知识管理研究
发布时间：2018-10-30 17:59
【摘要】：伴随着知识经济时代的到来与不断兴起,知识管理作为现代项目管理的重要组成内容,吸引了越来越多的关注。而与此同时我国建筑业快速发展,各种超大规模建设项目层出不穷,其涉及的内容和参与方越来越多,对施工技术相关要求也越来越高,目前建设项目所采用的常规管理模式不断地暴露出其易于造成项目全生命周期内各个阶段与环节相互割裂的弊端。项目实施与管理人员在项目实施过程中积累的丰富的经验和体会等隐性知识也很难在今后的项目组织中进行广泛的传播,其往往随着时间的流失与组织的解散而受到损失。目前理论界对于将知识管理的理念融入到建设项目的管理体系中去进行了较为深入的研究,将知识管理与建设项目知识管理进行结合可以协助组织持续改进流程、减少重复性工作、共享项目优化实施方案以及产生新技术和新服务。但是由于建设项目独有的特征,两者结合实施的成功案例较少。本文立足于建设项目知识管理的现状,结合建设项目各阶段知识及知识管理的特点,运用以物联网、BIM、普适计算及4D可视化等为代表的现代新兴信息技术实现知识管理过程中知识获取与发现、知识存储与集成、知识推送与培训、知识搜寻与使用、知识交流与创新的知识流循环过程,提出了以现代新兴信息技术辅助建设项目各阶段知识管理的实施、提高建设项目知识管理水平的技术方案。作为与建设项目实施知识管理联系最紧密的技术,BIM技术可以协助建立完整的建设项目知识信息库,为项目提供项目的数据化模型。BIM与物联网进行集成后,物联网将BIM提供的知识数据库中的数据进行记录并以网络的形式进行互联。普适计算上下文感知可以使建设项目知识管理建立的信息模型具备更为强大的计算能力,从而实现普适、协同和智能的建设项目知识管理。4D可视化技术的存在则有效地弥补了建设项目知识管理难以进行直观化监控的缺陷。本论文通过将四种新兴信息技术进行集成与融合,为建设项目知识管理提供了扎实的技术保障,提高了建设项目知识管理的水平和效率,保证知识的获取、存储、交流和使用,从而将知识有效的作用于实际的生产实践,为建筑企业提供一套具有较强可操作性的、比较完善的知识管理实施方案。但是本文研究作为理论分析与实践模拟,未来还需要更多的实践项目进行验证。
[Abstract]:With the coming and rising of knowledge economy era, knowledge management, as an important part of modern project management, has attracted more and more attention. At the same time, with the rapid development of construction industry in our country, a variety of super-large scale construction projects emerge in endlessly, which involves more and more contents and participants, and requires more and more construction technology. At present, the conventional management mode used in the construction project has exposed the disadvantages that it is easy to separate the stages and links in the whole life cycle of the project. The tacit knowledge accumulated by project implementation and managers in the process of project implementation is also difficult to be widely disseminated in the future project organization, which is often lost with the loss of time and the dissolution of the organization. At present, the theory circle has carried on the comparatively thorough research to integrate the knowledge management idea into the construction project management system. The combination of the knowledge management and the construction project knowledge management can help the organization to improve the process continuously. Reduce duplication, share project optimizations, and generate new technologies and services. However, due to the unique characteristics of the construction project, the combination of the two is less successful. This paper is based on the current situation of knowledge management in construction projects, combined with the characteristics of knowledge and knowledge management in various stages of construction projects, using the Internet of things, BIM, Pervasive computing and 4D visualization represent the realization of knowledge acquisition and discovery, knowledge storage and integration, knowledge push and training, knowledge search and use in the process of knowledge management. In the process of knowledge flow cycle of knowledge exchange and innovation, this paper puts forward a technical scheme to improve the level of knowledge management in construction projects by using modern emerging information technology to assist the implementation of knowledge management in each stage of construction projects. As the most closely related technology to the implementation of knowledge management in construction projects, BIM technology can help to establish a complete knowledge information base of construction projects and provide a project data model for the project. After the integration of BIM and the Internet of things, The Internet of things records the data in the knowledge database provided by BIM and interconnects in the form of a network. Pervasive computing context awareness can make the information model set up by building project knowledge management have more powerful computing ability, thus realizing universality. The existence of 4D visualization technology can effectively make up for the defects of the construction project knowledge management which is difficult to monitor directly. Through the integration and integration of four new information technologies, this paper provides a solid technical guarantee for the construction project knowledge management, improves the level and efficiency of the construction project knowledge management, and ensures the acquisition, storage, exchange and use of knowledge. Thus, the knowledge can be used effectively in the actual production practice to provide a set of more operable and more perfect implementation scheme of knowledge management for the construction enterprises. However, as theoretical analysis and practical simulation, more practical projects are needed in the future.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU712
本文编号：2300754
[Abstract]:With the coming and rising of knowledge economy era, knowledge management, as an important part of modern project management, has attracted more and more attention. At the same time, with the rapid development of construction industry in our country, a variety of super-large scale construction projects emerge in endlessly, which involves more and more contents and participants, and requires more and more construction technology. At present, the conventional management mode used in the construction project has exposed the disadvantages that it is easy to separate the stages and links in the whole life cycle of the project. The tacit knowledge accumulated by project implementation and managers in the process of project implementation is also difficult to be widely disseminated in the future project organization, which is often lost with the loss of time and the dissolution of the organization. At present, the theory circle has carried on the comparatively thorough research to integrate the knowledge management idea into the construction project management system. The combination of the knowledge management and the construction project knowledge management can help the organization to improve the process continuously. Reduce duplication, share project optimizations, and generate new technologies and services. However, due to the unique characteristics of the construction project, the combination of the two is less successful. This paper is based on the current situation of knowledge management in construction projects, combined with the characteristics of knowledge and knowledge management in various stages of construction projects, using the Internet of things, BIM, Pervasive computing and 4D visualization represent the realization of knowledge acquisition and discovery, knowledge storage and integration, knowledge push and training, knowledge search and use in the process of knowledge management. In the process of knowledge flow cycle of knowledge exchange and innovation, this paper puts forward a technical scheme to improve the level of knowledge management in construction projects by using modern emerging information technology to assist the implementation of knowledge management in each stage of construction projects. As the most closely related technology to the implementation of knowledge management in construction projects, BIM technology can help to establish a complete knowledge information base of construction projects and provide a project data model for the project. After the integration of BIM and the Internet of things, The Internet of things records the data in the knowledge database provided by BIM and interconnects in the form of a network. Pervasive computing context awareness can make the information model set up by building project knowledge management have more powerful computing ability, thus realizing universality. The existence of 4D visualization technology can effectively make up for the defects of the construction project knowledge management which is difficult to monitor directly. Through the integration and integration of four new information technologies, this paper provides a solid technical guarantee for the construction project knowledge management, improves the level and efficiency of the construction project knowledge management, and ensures the acquisition, storage, exchange and use of knowledge. Thus, the knowledge can be used effectively in the actual production practice to provide a set of more operable and more perfect implementation scheme of knowledge management for the construction enterprises. However, as theoretical analysis and practical simulation, more practical projects are needed in the future.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU712
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