环境技术国际转移的机制研究和政策分析

发布时间：2018-01-07 06:39

本文关键词：环境技术国际转移的机制研究和政策分析　出处：《暨南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从企业角度、政府政策与国际角度分析影响国际环境技术转移的环境政策和国际机制因素，以及这些因素怎样与环境技术的国际转移相互影响。基于产品差别化的假设，使用逆向求解法得到反馈纳什均衡。建立两国模型，第一部分重点分析了环境技术跨国转移和在此条件下实施的环境税对企业产量产生的影响。企业产量随本国污染税、污染排放系数增加而递减，随竞争对手的污染税、排放系数的增加而递增。当实施技术转移后减排技术上升时，环境税的增加将在更大程度上减少本国企业产量。第二部分研究当确认实施技术转移后，技术接受国的国内环境政策（环境税或许可交易）、贸易政策与技术跨国转移之间的相互影响作用。实施了许可交易制度的国家企业的生产数量随着污染许可价格增加而下降，而未采取许可交易制度的国家生产水平随他国污染许可价格增加而增加。本国环境技术的改进能降低均衡环境税。当产品差异化程度上升时，世界市场的竞争变得更加激烈，，环境税的利润转移效应增加，每个政府设定更低的环境税，这可视作生态倾销的一种类型。第三部分分析环境技术转移对技术捐赠国和技术接受国福利的影响。当跨界污染严重，两国产品差异化大以及捐赠国产品需求的价格弹性更大的时候，技术捐赠国的福利会因环境技术的转移而上升，否则存在帕累托改进。技术接受国的福利由于技术转移而始终为正。第四部分引入技术转移的成本因素，分析当存在环境技术国际转移时，环境损害会相对变小，本国政府具有提高关税以保护本国企业的激励；没有技术转移时，本国则通过降低关税提高产品的进口从而间接实现技术转移。第五部分拓展模型研究一国环境税的增加导致企业国内生产产量和国外进口产量同等数量的下降。由于国外关税和环境税的存在，本国企业在国内生产产量的减少量将小于从国外进口产品产量的增加量。因而本文认为国家应该在为环境技术转移与发展提供良好的政策支持时，考虑到国际产品市场竞争、环境贸易政策、国家福利、工资率、企业竞争力等因素。
[Abstract]:From the angle of enterprises, government policy and international perspective analysis of the influencing factors of international environmental technology transfer of environmental policy and international mechanism, the international transfer of technology and environment and how these factors affect each other. Product differentiation based on the assumption that the use of reverse solution method to obtain the feedback Nash equilibrium.
We established our model, the first part focuses on the analysis of the impact of the implementation of environmental technology transfer and under the condition of environmental taxes on enterprise production. Enterprises yield with domestic pollution taxes, pollution emission coefficient decreased with the pollution tax competition, increase the discharge coefficient and increase. When the rise of emission reduction technology implementation technology transfer when the increase of environmental taxes will reduce the output of domestic enterprises to a greater extent.
The second part of the study when confirming the implementation of technology transfer, technology acceptance of domestic environmental policy (environmental taxes or licensing transactions), interaction between trade policy and international transfer of technology. The implementation of the permit trading system of the national enterprise production quantity with pollution permits price increases, but did not take license transaction system the national production level with his country's pollution permits price increases. To improve its environmental technology can reduce the balance of environmental taxes. When the degree of product differentiation rises, the world market becomes more competitive, environmental tax profit transfer effect increases, each government set lower environmental tax, this may be regarded as a type of ecological dumping.
The third part analyzes the environment of technology transfer on technology and technology acceptance of donor welfare. When transboundary pollution is serious, when the product differentiation and price elasticity of demand for the product more donors, the donor's welfare Technology for transfer of environmental technology and the rise of Pareto improvement. Otherwise there's technology acceptance the benefits due to technology transfer and is always positive.
The fourth part introduces the technology transfer cost factors analysis when there is the international transfer of environmental technology, environmental damage will be relatively small, the government has increased tariffs to protect domestic enterprises incentive; no technology transfer, the country by reducing the import tariffs on products to realize the indirect technology transfer. In the fifth part, increase development model research a country's environmental tax led to a decline in domestic production yield and yield the same amount of foreign imports. Because foreign tariffs and environmental tax, increase the amount of domestic enterprises in the domestic production capacity will be reduced to small production from imported products.
Therefore, this paper argues that the state should provide good policy support for the transfer and development of environmental technology, taking into account factors such as international product market competition, environmental trade policy, state welfare, wage rate, and competitiveness of enterprises.

【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F062.4

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