政府碳监管对冷链物流企业碳减排行为的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 13:54

本文选题：政府　切入点：冷链物流企业　出处：《南昌航空大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国生态文明建设布局和经济新常态的不断深入,我国即将迎来绿色低碳转型的关键时期,绿色低碳转型的发展需要所有利益相关方的共同参与,政府作为政策的制定者和监管方,企业作为政策的直接践行者,处理好政府和企业的关系显得尤为重要。然而,冷链物流企业存在“大消耗”,“大排放”等特点,严重与生态文明建设所倡导的节能减排相悖,于是这就需要政府制定和出台一些宏观政策,为冷链物流企业进行有效的碳减排活动提供长效的动力机制。本文在对国内外碳监管政策,低碳冷链物流以及政府与企业的博弈的研究现状和成果的整理和总结的基础之上。选取了以碳税和碳交易为代表的政府碳监管政策,分析了在碳税和碳交易政策对冷链物流企业碳减排行为的影响。主要的研究内容包括:1.构建了碳税政策下政府和冷链物流企业的碳减排博弈模型,根据演化博弈理论,计算出了政府和冷链物流企业的复制动态方程,并分析出了各自单个的稳定策略和稳定条件,运用雅可比矩阵分析了政府和冷链物流企业的混合稳定策略和稳定条件,画出了演化博弈系统的相位图,最后运用系统动力学和VENSIM软件对碳税政策下冷链物流企业碳减排的影响因素进行了验证。2.从研究的可行性和现实情况出发,把对碳交易政策的研究分为了两种情况:冷链物流企业进入碳交易平台和不进入碳交易平台。在这两种情形下都构建了政府和冷链物流企业的碳减排演化博弈模型,计算出了复制动态方程,分析了均衡结果,稳定条件,演化趋势,最后运用MATLAB软件对这两种情况的碳交易政策下冷链物流企业的碳减排行为的影响因素进行了数值分析。研究结果表明:1.碳税政策下,政府碳监管的奖惩,碳税率的定价,政府监管成本,政府监管的初始概率等因素对冷链物流企业的碳减排行为起到关键性的作用。2.碳交易政策下,冷链物流企业的碳减排行为的影响因素有:政府对冷链物流企业的低碳补贴,政府低碳执政获得的形象收益,政府对冷链物流企业征收的超额排放罚款,冷链物流企业进入碳交易平台的费用,政府对冷链物流企业超额排放仍然不进入碳交易平台的罚款等。基于此研究结果,提出以下的政策建议:1.政府科学合理地建立碳税税率和初始碳排放额度管理机制;2.政府加大对冷链物流企业低碳行为的关注和政策支持以及补贴力度,同时在合理的范围里征收超额排放罚款,实现有效的奖惩机制;3.政府与冷链物流企业之间,冷链物流企业和第三方碳交易平台(市场)之间构建出有序可靠的合作机制;4.政府形成绿色低碳考核机制,把绿色低碳成果纳入政府政绩考核体系,并适当提高其占比份额。
[Abstract]:With the development of ecological civilization and the new normal of economy, our country is about to usher in the key period of green low-carbon transformation. The development of green low-carbon transformation needs the participation of all stakeholders. As policy makers and regulators, and enterprises as direct practitioners of policies, it is particularly important to properly handle the relationship between government and enterprises. However, cold-chain logistics enterprises have the characteristics of "large consumption" and "large emissions". It is seriously contrary to the energy saving and emission reduction advocated by the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, this requires the government to formulate and issue some macro policies. To provide a long-term driving mechanism for the cold-chain logistics enterprises to carry out effective carbon emission reduction activities. On the basis of the research status and achievements of the low carbon cold chain logistics and the game between the government and the enterprise, the paper chooses the government carbon regulation policy, which is represented by carbon tax and carbon trading. This paper analyzes the effect of carbon tax and carbon trading policy on carbon emission reduction behavior of cold-chain logistics enterprises. The main research contents include: 1.Constructing the carbon reduction game model between government and cold-chain logistics enterprises under carbon tax policy, according to evolutionary game theory, The replicating dynamic equations of government and cold-chain logistics enterprises are calculated, and their individual stability strategies and stability conditions are analyzed. The mixed stability strategies and stability conditions of government and cold-chain logistics enterprises are analyzed by using Jacobian matrix. The phase diagram of the evolutionary game system is drawn. Finally, by using system dynamics and VENSIM software, the influencing factors of carbon emission reduction in cold-chain logistics enterprises under carbon tax policy are verified. 2. The feasibility and reality of the research are discussed. The research on carbon trading policy is divided into two situations: cold chain logistics enterprises entering carbon trading platform and not entering carbon trading platform. In both cases, the evolution game model of carbon emission reduction between government and cold chain logistics enterprises is constructed. The replicating dynamic equation is calculated, and the equilibrium results, stability conditions and evolution trend are analyzed. Finally, MATLAB software is used to analyze the influence factors of carbon emission reduction behavior of cold-chain logistics enterprises under the carbon trading policy of these two situations. The research results show that under the carbon tax policy, the government carbon regulation rewards and penalties, the carbon tax rate pricing, The cost of government regulation, the initial probability of government supervision and other factors play a key role in the carbon reduction behavior of cold-chain logistics enterprises. 2. Under the carbon trading policy, The influencing factors of carbon emission reduction behavior of cold-chain logistics enterprises are as follows: low carbon subsidy to cold chain logistics enterprises, image gains from government low carbon governance, excessive emission fines levied by the government on cold chain logistics enterprises. The cost of entering the carbon trading platform for cold-chain logistics enterprises, the fines imposed by the government on excess emissions of cold-chain logistics enterprises still not entering the carbon trading platform, etc. Based on the results of this research, Put forward the following policy recommendations: 1.The government scientifically and reasonably establish the carbon tax rate and the initial carbon emission quota management mechanism 2.The government increases the concern, policy support and subsidy to the low carbon behavior of the cold-chain logistics enterprises. At the same time, within a reasonable scope, a fine for excess emissions should be levied to achieve an effective mechanism of reward and punishment. 3. Between the government and the cold-chain logistics enterprises, The cooperation mechanism between the cold-chain logistics enterprise and the third party carbon trading platform (market) is orderly and reliable. The government forms the green low carbon assessment mechanism, brings the green low carbon achievement into the government performance assessment system, and appropriately increases its share.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F259.23;X196

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