推进安徽省碳排放权交易发展的研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 00:38

本文选题：碳排放权交易　切入点：安徽　出处：《安徽大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球气候变暖正影响着全球社会经济的可持续发展,为应对气候变化问题,世界各国进行了一系列的谈判。2005年2月《京都议定书》生效,使碳排放权交易有章可循,有利于全球碳市场的发展。《京都议定书》为各国参与者开展碳排放权交易提供了全新的框架,使碳排放权具有商品的属性,可以被买卖,产生了一种新的交易市场——碳排放权交易市场。根据《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》的相关规定,中国作为发展中国家不承担强制减排的任务,目前我国主要参加以项目为基础的碳排放权交易,即CDM交易；国内也陆续建立了环境交易所平台,但这交易并不活跃,且并不是真正意义上的碳交易。从长远来看,我国应该探索国内碳排放权交易如何开展,了解碳排放权交易流程,一方面可以有效落实节能减排工作,另一方面为提高我国在国际碳排放权交易中的地位做铺垫。安徽是煤炭生产和消费大省,在安徽省产业结构中,电力、钢铁、有色、建材、冶金等高耗能、高污染、高排放的产业比重大,随着我省工业化城市的快速发展,六大重点耗能行业能源消费总量始终保持在较高水平。由于我省实体经济产业整体处于高碳时期,这也就决定了降低碳排放的碳资源市场是广阔和巨大的,推进安徽省碳交易市场的发展将极大地推动我省走向低碳经济。本论文的主要内容主要包括以下几个部分：第一部分从全球气候变暖带来挑战、《联合国气候变化框架公约》和《京都议定书》的诞生两个方面对本文的研究背景做了描述,并说明了本文的研究意义和研究思路。在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,进行总结指出本文的写作角度和创新之处。第二部分对国际和国内碳排放权交易的现状进行了分析。对于国际碳排放权交易市场,先是概述了全球碳排放权交易的情况,然后选取了了国际上几个知名的且运作较为成熟碳排放权交易体系进行介绍；对于国内碳排放权交易市场,从参与清洁发展机制下碳排放权交易的发展和碳市场交易平台建立两个方面进行分析,并单独介绍了安徽省在上述两个方面的发展情况,通过这种比较体现安徽省在碳排放权交易方面存在的差距。第三部分分析了安徽省推进碳排放权交易的存在的障碍和问题,针对安徽省环境能源交易所成立20多天零交易的现象,从以下几个方面分析：由于碳交易是新生事物,很多人不大了解；由于我国没有强制减排的义务,安徽省企业现实需求不大；安徽省经济金融化程度不高；安徽省金融专业人才供给不足。第四部分论述了在安徽省推进碳排放权交易发展的必要性和意义。在安徽省推进发展碳排放权交易市场是改变产业高耗能高排放的需要,安徽省高耗能产业比重大,减排压力大,需要通过碳交易市场机制来降低碳排放,促进安徽省走向低碳经济；是加速安徽省企业减排技术创新的要求；在安徽省推进发展碳排放权交易市场是安徽省气候资源得以优化配置的手段。第五部分对安徽省推进碳排放权交易市场的建立进行具体构想。由于欧盟碳排放交易体系运行效果较好,减排成绩较优,因此安徽省的碳排放权交易市场可以借鉴欧盟碳排放交易体系的经验,建立总量限制交易制度。由安徽省的环境管理者根据实际需要为安徽省的总碳排放量设定一个最高限额,所有受管辖的企业排放量总值不能超过这个最高限额；然后将一定数量的碳排放权分配给企业；企业通过引进先进技术,重视节能减排,能够把自己的实际碳排放量控制在碳排放许可范围内,就可以将多余的碳排放许可额度放到市场上予以出售,以此赚取利润；如果企业暂无法有效减少自身的碳排放量,使之超出了分配到的许可额度,那就要到碳排放市场上购买碳排放权,以此获得超标那部分的碳排放权利,否则就要遭受处罚。推进安徽省碳排放权交易市场的发展要分三个阶段：一是完善相应法规,确保在安徽省碳排放权交易的顺利开展；二是建立碳排放权现货交易市场；三是建立碳排放权期货交易市场。在安徽省开展碳排放权交易,其价格形成机制值得研究。本文在借鉴关于国外碳排放权价格形成机制的研究成果,分析了影响安徽省碳排放权价格的因素,为以后安徽省碳排放权价格机制提供依据。
[Abstract]:Global warming is affecting the sustainable development of the global economy, in order to solve the problem of climate change, the world is in a series of negotiations in February.2005 < Kyoto Protocol > effect, make carbon emissions trading rules development. For the global carbon market the Kyoto Protocol > provides a new framework for trading countries the participants of carbon emissions, carbon emissions has the property of commodity, can be traded, created a new market - carbon emissions trading market.
According to the relevant provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change "and" Kyoto Protocol ", Chinese as developing countries do not bear the mandatory emission reduction task, at present our country mainly in project based carbon emissions trading, namely CDM trading; domestic also established the environment exchange platform, but the transaction is not active. And is not the real meaning of carbon trading. In the long run, China should explore how to carry out the domestic carbon emissions trading, to understand the carbon emissions trading process, one can effectively carry out the work of energy-saving emission reduction, on the other hand, in order to improve our position in the international carbon emissions trading in the groundwork.
Anhui is a big province of coal production and consumption in Anhui Province, the industrial structure, electric power, iron and steel, nonferrous metallurgy, building materials, such as high energy consumption, high pollution and high emission industries than the major, with the rapid development of the industrial city in our province, the six major industries energy consumption remained at a high level. Because I real economy industry overall in the high carbon period, which has also decided to reduce carbon emissions from the carbon resource market is vast and huge, to promote the development of Anhui Province carbon trading market will greatly promote our province towards a low carbon economy.
The main contents of this paper include the following parts:
The first part brings challenges from global warming, "the two aspects of the UN Framework Convention on climate change" and "Kyoto Protocol" was born in the background of this study describes and explains the research significance and research ideas. Based on the analysis on the domestic and foreign research status, this paper indicate and innovation.
The second part analyzed the current situation of international and domestic carbon emissions trading. For the international carbon emissions trading market, the first is an overview of the global carbon emissions trading, and then selects the several international well-known and more mature operation of carbon emissions trading system were introduced; the domestic carbon emissions trading from the market, participate in the development of clean development mechanism of carbon emissions trading and carbon market trading platform for the establishment of the two aspects of analysis, and introduces the above two aspects, the development situation of Anhui Province, Anhui Province, are reflected by the comparison in terms of carbon emissions trading gap.
The third part analyzes the obstacles of carbon emissions trading and to promote the Anhui Province, in Anhui Province, environment and energy exchange established more than 20 days trading phenomenon, analysis from the following aspects: the carbon trading is a new thing, a lot of people do not understand; because our country does not have mandatory emission reduction obligations, the realistic demand of enterprises in Anhui province a little; Anhui Province financial development level is not high; lack of talents in Anhui province professional financial supply.
The fourth part discusses the necessity and significance of promoting the development of carbon emissions trading in Anhui province. In Anhui province to promote the development of carbon emissions trading market is changing the industry with high energy consumption and high emissions, Anhui high energy consuming industries than the major emission reduction pressure, to reduce carbon emissions through carbon trading market mechanism, to promote the low carbon economy in Anhui province; is to accelerate technological innovation in Anhui province enterprises emission reduction requirements; in Anhui province to promote the development of carbon emissions trading market is the means to optimize the climatic resources of Anhui province.
The fifth part of the establishment of carbon emissions trading market for the specific conception of Anhui province to promote. Due to the good operation effect of the EU carbon emissions trading system, emissions performance is excellent, so Anhui Province carbon emissions trading market can learn from the experience of the EU carbon emissions trading system, establish the total limit of trading system set a maximum limit by. Environmental management in Anhui Province, according to the actual needs of the total carbon emissions in Anhui Province, all under the jurisdiction of the enterprise gross emissions can not exceed the maximum limit; then a certain amount of carbon emissions allocated to enterprises; enterprises through the introduction of advanced technology, pay attention to energy saving and emission reduction, to control their emissions in the carbon emission permits range, it can be the excess emissions allowance to be sold on the market, in order to make a profit; if the enterprise is temporarily unable to effectively reduce the The carbon emissions of its own, which is beyond the allocated permits, then go to the market to buy carbon emissions carbon emissions exceed the standard, in order to obtain that part of the carbon emission rights, otherwise you will suffer the punishment. To promote the development of Anhui Province carbon emissions trading market can be divided into three stages: one is improve relevant laws and regulations in Anhui Province, to ensure the smooth development of carbon emissions trading; the two is the establishment of carbon emissions trading market spot; the three is the establishment of carbon emissions trading in futures market.
To carry out carbon emissions trading in Anhui Province, the formation of the price mechanism is. This paper draws on research results about foreign carbon emissions price formation mechanism, analysis of Anhui province explained the price factors of carbon emissions, carbon emissions in Anhui province for the future price mechanism provides the basis.

【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：X196

【引证文献】