清末经济新政与国内商品赛会研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 11:26

本文选题：清末经济新政　切入点：国内商品赛会　出处：《河北师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 商品赛会是二十世纪初中国经济领域出现的一种新事物。它与古代迎神赛会或庙会有所区别,因与商品经济相联系,被称为商品赛会或商品博览会。关于商品赛会的研究从20世纪80年代兴起,到90年代末21世纪初趋于活跃。它的研究大体包括其兴起和历程、影响、个案研究、关键人物研究等方面内容。但是,形式上单篇论文较多,专书很少;内容上个案叙述、介绍较多,联系中国近代社会变迁从不同视角作深入系统探讨的则较少。就总体而言,研究仍处于起步阶段,有许多相关领域尚未涉及,特别是对近代博览会事业的整体研究更是不足。本文试图从清末经济新政推动国内商品赛会发展这个角度进行研究,文章涉及到清末国内几处比较重要的商品赛会,即北京、天津、四川、武汉、南洋这几个区域的展览会,并且把政府的经济政策与这几处商品赛会联系起来进行研究,大体结构如下: 第一章主要写清末经济新政与国内商品赛会的缘起。在清末新政的经济改革中,政府制定了一系列振兴工商的措施,如设立商部、制定经济法规、奖励工商、劝办商会,这些为商品赛会的兴起提供了政策支持。商品赛会是西潮东渐的产物,是受世界博览会的影响而兴起的,而且政府政策推动了当时中国资本主义经济的发展,为商品赛会的开展提供了物质基础。此外,当时中国的重商主义思潮也推动了国内商品赛会的发展。第二章主要写政府对赛会的筹备和宣传。清政府为赛会的顺利召开,筹备经费、减免税厘、征集展品、制定章程、设立办事机构,在准备上下足了功夫。同时,政府通过赛会广告、白话告示、演说演讲、宣传文章诸多方式对赛会进行宣传。第三章主要写赛会设置的趋新。展品虽大多仍是农产品、教育品、各种传统手工艺品,但也有不少体现经济发展新趋势的展品,例如各种机械、交通工具、光电仪器等等;展馆多有中西合璧的形式,会场内还设有许多公共设施,如公共交通、公共娱乐、公共金融、公共安全、公共卫生等配套设施,这都体现了清政府向西方学习的趋新愿望。第四章主要写政府对展品的审查研究及商品赛会的影响。赛会到了后期都会对展品进行审查评奖,对于促进经济发展的赛品进行奖励,而且还专门设立研究会对展品进行研究,以图改良进步,本章最后论述了商品赛会的影响。清末新政中振兴工商的经济政策促进了国内商品赛会的兴起和发展,商品赛会又对近代中国资本主义经济的发展具有强大的反作用,并且增加了政府的财政收入。这就说明了清末经济新政与国内商品赛会的互相促进的紧密关系。探究商品赛会活动的兴起和发展,考察政府经济政策与商品赛会的关系,对于当今举办博览会事业具有很大的现实借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Commodity competition is a new thing that appeared in China's economy in the early 20th century. It is different from the ancient gods' competition or temple fair, because it is related to the commodity economy. It is called a commodity racing event or a commodity fair. The research on commodity racing has been active from the 1980s to the late 1990s and the beginning of the 21st century. Its research generally includes its rise and history, influence, case studies, etc. However, in form, there are more single papers and few books; in the case of case narration, there are more introductions, and there are few in-depth and systematic discussions from different perspectives in connection with the social changes in modern China. Generally speaking, The research is still in its infancy, and many related fields have not been involved, especially the overall research on the cause of modern exposition. This paper attempts to study from the perspective of promoting the development of domestic commodity tournaments under the new economic policies of the late Qing Dynasty. The article involves several more important commodity tournaments in the late Qing Dynasty, namely, exhibitions in Beijing, Tianjin, Sichuan, Wuhan, and Nanyang. And the economic policy of the government is linked to these commodity tournaments. The general structure is as follows:. In the economic reform of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty, the government formulated a series of measures to revitalize industry and commerce, such as the establishment of the Ministry of Commerce, the formulation of economic laws and regulations, the encouragement of industry and commerce, and the encouragement of business associations. These provided policy support for the rise of commodity tournaments, which were the product of the tide from the west to the east and were influenced by the World Exposition. Moreover, government policies promoted the development of China's capitalist economy at that time. In addition, the mercantilism trend of thought in China also promoted the development of domestic commodity tournaments. The second chapter mainly writes about the government's preparations and publicity for the tournament. The Qing government made full efforts in preparing funds, reducing taxes, collecting exhibits, formulating articles of association, setting up offices, and making preparations for the successful convening of the tournament. At the same time, The government publicizes the event through advertisements, vernacular notices, speeches and articles. Although most of the exhibits are still agricultural products, educational products, various traditional handicrafts, but there are also many exhibits reflecting the new trend of economic development, such as machinery, transportation, optoelectronic instruments and so on; Most of the pavilions have a combination of Chinese and western, and there are many public facilities, such as public transportation, public entertainment, public finance, public safety, public health and so on. All of these reflect the Qing government's desire to learn from the West. The fourth chapter mainly writes about the government's examination and research on the exhibits and the impact of the commodity competition. In the latter stages of the competition, the exhibits will be reviewed and awarded, and the products that promote economic development will be rewarded. In order to improve and improve the exhibition, this chapter discusses the influence of the competition. The economic policy of revitalizing industry and commerce in the New deal of the late Qing Dynasty promoted the rise and development of domestic commodity tournaments, which had a strong reaction to the development of capitalist economy in modern China. This shows the close relationship between the new economic policy in the late Qing Dynasty and the mutual promotion of domestic commodity tournaments. It explores the rise and development of commodity competition activities, and examines the relationship between government economic policies and commodity tournaments. It has great practical significance for holding exposition today.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F092;K252

【相似文献】