马克思主义生态消费思想及其当代价值

发布时间：2018-05-07 19:07

本文选题：马克思主义生态消费思想 + 生态危机　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在生产力水平较低,商品相对匮乏的时代,经济社会生活以生产为主题。当生产力提高到一定水平,社会生产的商品能满足绝大多数社会成员的基本需要时,消费在社会经济生活中地位逐渐上升。资本扩张方式催生出消费主义,社会危机相应发生变化,生态危机在全球范围内爆发。危机的根源便是资本主义制度和生产方式,因此,要化解危机就不能以资本主义的理论框架为出发点。生态消费理念的提出是基于消费主义的缘起和生态主义的诉求。生态消费相对于绿色消费和适度消费的范畴,对合理消费的解释更为全面。马克思主义生态消费思想包含三方面内容:第一,异化消费具有反生态性。马克思主义对资本主义的批判是从生产活动到消费活动,从政治经济到生态环境,并在此基础上指出资本主义不正义的生产方式引起异化劳动,异化劳动下的异化生产必然导致异化消费。异化消费是人们受虚假需求的干预,为了占有更多的物质商品而消费的行为,长期下去威胁人类的生存和可持续发展。第二,处理生产和消费的关系就是处理人与自然的关系,生产和消费要以尊重自然为前提。第三,人的发展是需要满足的过程,消费要以人的全面发展为目的,即要求物质消费和精神消费平衡。马克思主义生态消费思想来源于对马克思恩格斯的消费理论中的生态思想以及西方马克思主义异化消费理论,有着重要的价值。在理论层面,马克思主义生态消费思想是在新的历史背景下对发展观的革新,伦理观的扩展和幸福观的转变提供了价值依据。在实践层面,马克思主义生态消费思想是剖析当代消费问题的指南,推动经济绿色转型的依据,是转变传统生活方式的价值依据,是构建新型消费文化的理论基础。我们必须全面理解马克思主义理论,尤其是经济理论,从马克思主义的生态观、消费观的内涵出发,充分认识马克思主义生态消费的思想,为推动我国生态文明建设,构建生态消费文化提供理论上的指引。
[Abstract]:In the era of low productivity and relative scarcity of commodities, economic and social life is dominated by production. When productivity is raised to a certain level and the commodities produced by the society can meet the basic needs of the vast majority of social members, the status of consumption in social and economic life rises gradually. Capital expansion spawned consumerism, social crisis changed accordingly, ecological crisis broke out in the global scope. The root of the crisis is capitalist system and mode of production. Therefore, the theoretical framework of capitalism should not be taken as the starting point to resolve the crisis. The idea of ecological consumption is based on the origin of consumerism and the demand of ecologism. Ecological consumption is more comprehensive than green consumption and moderate consumption. Marxist ecological consumption includes three aspects: first, alienation consumption is anti-ecological. Marxism criticizes capitalism from production activities to consumption activities, from political economy to ecological environment, and on this basis points out that the unjust mode of production of capitalism causes alienated labor. Alienated production under alienated labor will inevitably lead to alienated consumption. Dissimilation consumption is the behavior that people consume in order to possess more material goods, which threatens the survival and sustainable development of human being in the long run. Second, to deal with the relationship between production and consumption is to deal with the relationship between man and nature, and production and consumption should be based on respect for nature. Third, human development is a process that needs to be satisfied. Consumption should aim at the overall development of human beings, that is, the balance between material consumption and spiritual consumption. The thought of Marxist ecological consumption comes from the ecological thought of Marx and Engels' consumption theory and the western Marxist theory of alienation consumption, which has important value. On the theoretical level, the Marxist ecological consumption thought provides the value basis for the innovation of the concept of development, the expansion of the ethics and the transformation of the concept of happiness under the new historical background. On the practical level, Marxist ecological consumption thought is the guide for analyzing the contemporary consumption problems, the basis for promoting the green transformation of economy, the value basis for changing the traditional way of life, and the theoretical basis for the construction of a new consumption culture. We must fully understand Marxist theory, especially economic theory, proceed from the connotation of Marxist ecological view and consumption view, fully understand the idea of Marxist ecological consumption, in order to promote the construction of ecological civilization in our country. The construction of ecological consumption culture provides theoretical guidance.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F091.91

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