火电企业排污权定价及应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 00:00

本文选题：排污权 + 减排　；参考：《华北电力大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一个发展中国家,我国在过去改革开放30多年,经济发展取得了巨大的成功；然而,过去粗放式的发展却以过度消耗资源和牺牲环境为代价,致使污染造成的灾害频频出现。政府已经意识到了问题的严重性,从而提出了可持续发展观、科学发展观,同时积极参联合国的减排计划,并通过实际行动来保护环境。火电企业减排是我国实现减排目标的重要一环。为了解决这个问题,本文做了以下三个方面的工作。第一,提出了公共成本与私人成本条件下的火电企业排污权定价模型。本文将污染造成的损失分为公共损失和私人损失,公共损失是指造成了实际的损失但不能确定具体哪家发电厂造成的,私人损失是指造成了实际的损失而且能够确定是谁造成的；在此基础上,本文提出了公共成本与私人成本条件下的排污权定价模型,其中公共成本由国家通过灾害损失评估来确定,私人成本模型是根据火电发电厂排放污染的扩散性质来建立的,私人成本与污染浓度、污染扩散速度、人口密度以及经济发展水平有密切的关系。依据该污染权定价模型,可深入地了解污染成本的构成,从而有助于分析排污权下火电企业的生产行为以及电力企业的排污权交易。第二,探讨了火电企业排污监管的技术管理路线。监竹是减排实现与否的关键环节,由于火电厂的机组存在差异,致使火电企业排污监管的难度加大。为此,我们将火电发电机组分门别类,针对不同类型的机组,采取不同的排污监管技术。第三,通过案例研究,加深了对基于公共成本与私人成本的火电企业排污权定价模型的理解,同时表明该模型具有一定实际应用价值。此外,我们还根据火电企业具体情况,研究了相应的排污监管的技术与管理路线。
[Abstract]:As a developing country, our country has achieved great success in economic development over the past 30 years of reform and opening up; however, extensive development in the past has been at the cost of excessive consumption of resources and sacrifice of the environment. Disasters caused by pollution occur frequently. The government has realized the seriousness of the problem and put forward the concept of sustainable development, scientific development, and actively participate in the United Nations emission reduction plan, and through practical actions to protect the environment. Thermal power enterprise emission reduction is an important part of our country to achieve emission reduction targets. In order to solve this problem, this paper has done the following three aspects of work. Firstly, the pricing model of emission rights for thermal power enterprises under public and private costs is proposed. In this paper, the losses caused by pollution are divided into public losses and private losses. Public losses are caused by actual losses but it is not possible to determine which power plants are causing them. Private loss refers to the actual loss caused and can be determined who caused it. On this basis, this paper puts forward the pricing model of emission rights under the condition of public cost and private cost. Among them, the public cost is determined by the state through the disaster loss assessment, and the private cost model is established according to the nature of the diffusion of the emission pollution from thermal power plants. Private cost and the concentration of the pollution, the speed of the pollution diffusion, Population density and level of economic development are closely related. According to the pricing model of pollution rights, the composition of pollution cost can be deeply understood, which is helpful to analyze the production behavior of thermal power enterprises under emission rights and the emission rights trading of power enterprises. Second, the technical management route of sewage supervision in thermal power enterprises is discussed. Monitoring bamboo is the key link of emission reduction or not. Because of the difference of units in thermal power plants, it is more difficult for thermal power enterprises to supervise sewage discharge. For this reason, we classify the thermal power generation units and adopt different emission supervision techniques for different types of units. Thirdly, through the case study, it deepens the understanding of the pricing model of emission rights of thermal power enterprises based on public cost and private cost, and shows that the model has some practical application value. In addition, according to the specific situation of thermal power enterprises, we have studied the corresponding sewage regulation technology and management route.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F426.61;X196

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