工人力量的变化与中国经济增长——基于规模以上工业企业数据的分析

发布时间：2018-11-01 17:54

【摘要】：本文立足于马克思主义经济学的分析视角,将工人力量的变化引入对中国经济增长的研究当中,考察了劳资间相对力量变化作用于劳动生产率和利润率的历史经验和理论机制。其中,工人力量对劳动生产率的矛盾关系表现为,抑制工人力量以降低剩余价值生产的不确定性和调动工人主动性推动技术创新之间的矛盾;工人权力对利润率的关系表现为,削弱工人议价力提高利润份额和改善对工人的分配促进剩余价值实现之间的冲突。在中国的改革进程中,剩余劳动力条件、劳动力再生产与就业体制变革共同塑造了工人力量在这一历史时期的变化。参考社会学研究对工人力量类型的划分,本文寻找适当指标构建出工人力量变化的指数。经验分析显示,工人力量的相对下降对中国劳动生产率提升起到了推动作用,也通过工资份额的下降作用于利润率的增长,曾经是中国经济快速增长的重要原因;但是这一作用机制正在受到工人力量上升和全球性生产相对过剩的挑战。当下中国经济的可持续增长不应再复制新自由主义积累体制的"利润修复"路径。
[Abstract]:Based on the perspective of Marxist economics, this paper introduces the change of workers' power into the study of China's economic growth, and examines the historical experience and theoretical mechanism of the change of relative strength between labor and capital acting on labor productivity and profit margin. Among them, the contradiction between workers' power and labor productivity is the contradiction between restraining workers' power to reduce the uncertainty of surplus value production and mobilizing workers' initiative to promote technological innovation. The relationship between workers' power and profit margin is the conflict between weakening the bargaining power of workers to increase profit share and improving the distribution of workers to promote the realization of surplus value. In the course of China's reform, the conditions of surplus labor force, labor reproduction and the reform of employment system have shaped the changes of workers' power in this historical period. Referring to the classification of workers' power types in sociological research, this paper looks for appropriate indicators to construct the index of workers' strength change. The empirical analysis shows that the relative decline of workers' power has promoted the improvement of labor productivity in China, and the decline of wage share has played an important role in the growth of profit margin, which has been an important reason for the rapid growth of China's economy. But this mechanism is being challenged by rising worker power and relative global overproduction. The sustainable growth of China's economy should no longer replicate the "profit repair" path of neoliberal accumulation system.
【作者单位】：西南财经大学经济学院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务经费青年教师成长项目(JBK150143)的研究成果
【分类号】：F014.2;F124

【相似文献】