马克思经济学与资本主义

发布时间：2018-05-21 16:15

本文选题：马克思经济学 + 资本主义　；参考：《南开经济研究》2013年06期

【摘要】：20世纪50—80年代的著名"剑桥资本争论"揭示出主流新古典理论存在不可避免的逻辑矛盾,表明目前国民收入核算体系中所有由货币量值表示的统计变量完全由社会关系或特定的货币金融体系决定,而与主流经济学基于生产函数的技术分析无关。马克思经济学研究的是现实资本主义生产方式和与之相联系的生产关系与分配关系,其核心是以货币为基础的资本与雇佣劳动,由此形成以获取货币利润为目的的特殊竞争制度或比谁挣钱多的游戏。通过采用抽象的价值与剩余价值概念说明这种资本主义关系的性质并阐释现实中的工资、利息、利润和国民收入等概念,马克思在表明资本主义企业成本收益计算的基础上建立起一个完整的理论体系用于讨论现实资本主义的有效需求和经济波动问题,并表明由有效需求决定的收入分配来自于资本主义经济为利润和资本积累而生产的性质。由此阐明,马克思经济学所关注的正是现实经济中由货币和国民收入核算统计变量所表示的资本主义竞争与收入分配的社会关系,主流经济学对这些统计变量和现实经济问题的解释是完全错误的。
[Abstract]:The famous "Cambridge capital debate" from 50 to 80s of twentieth Century revealed the inevitable logical contradictions in the mainstream neo classical theory. It shows that all the statistical variables represented by the value of money in the current national income accounting system are completely determined by social relations or specific monetary and financial systems, while the mainstream economics is based on the production function of the mainstream economics. The analysis of Marx's economics is the real capitalist mode of production and the relation of production and distribution associated with it. The core is the capital and employment based on money, which forms a special competition system for the purpose of obtaining money profit or more than who makes money. The concept of the capitalist relationship and the concept of wage, interest, profit and national income in reality are explained with the concept of surplus value. Marx set up a complete theoretical system based on the calculation of the cost and income of capitalist enterprises to discuss the effective demand and economic fluctuation of real capital. The income distribution determined by the effective demand is derived from the nature of the production of the capitalist economy for profit and capital accumulation. Thus, it is stated that Marx's economics is concerned with the social relations between the capitalist competition and the income distribution expressed by the statistical variables of the monetary and national income accounting in the real economy, and the mainstream economics. These statistical variables and the explanation of real economic problems are totally wrong.
【作者单位】：南开大学经济研究所;
【分类号】：F0-0;F03

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