中国自然保护区养生旅游评价指标体系构建及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 18:13

本文选题：自然保护区　切入点：养生　出处：《东北林业大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文在充分研究国内外自然保护区开发模式和发展现状、养生旅游发展概况、国内外有关自然保护区生态旅游评价方法和理论的基础上,借鉴大量关于评价体系建立的理论和方法,进而尽可能全面客观地构建自然保护区养生旅游评价体系。并以牡丹峰国家森林公园和兴凯湖国家级自然保护区为例,进行实例研究和验证,提出了牡丹峰国家森林公园和兴凯湖国家级自然保护区养生旅游相关开发意见指导,并因地制宜地指出具有较强适宜性的开发模式和发展方向。本文研究的具体步骤是：选择评价指标；采用德尔菲法和层次分析法相结合求解判断矩阵确定评价因子的权重；设置评价指标标准表；最后用多级模糊模式识别模型与非结构型决策理论对项目进行综合评价,得出自然保护区养生旅游各指标的隶属级别以及各分项目的指数值。这种评价方法不仅仅考虑了评价对象的自身条件、评价者给出的评价结果,还结合了对评价者的评价。与层次分析法相比较,本文的评价方法对最后评价结果的统计过程进行了优化。可以使我们对评价对象有更全面、客观的认识。采用反复过滤法、频度统计法、专家咨询法和研讨会等方式最终确立了60个指标,进而建立了自然保护区养生旅游评价指标体系。然后针对评价体系中所列的因素逐个、逐层进行研究,结合以往权威人士对这些因素评价的研究结果,并通过相关指标的分析比较,结合专家咨询法,筛选确定了每个子系统对应的基本评价指标的评价标准,从而进行定量化或定性分析。采用计算机软件处理专家咨询意见,构造判断矩阵,计算得出自然保护区绩效评价各个指标的权重,并对指标权重进行分析。由权重计算结果可知：对于自然保护区而言,影响养生旅游产业发展水平的最重要因子是养生需求(65.8),其次是旅游条件(16.8),再次是旅游基础(9.5),最后是养生产品(7.9)。根据养生旅游指标综合评价得分将自然保护区划分为优、良、中、差四个等级。根据分项目绩效指数得分值,将自然保护区划分为三种类型：体验型自然保护区、产出型自然保护区、失衡型自然保护区。同时,运用SPSS软件对其进行主成分分析,将原有的60个指标要素划分为35个主要指标和25个次要指标。最后以牡丹峰自然保护区和兴凯湖自然保护区为案例对此评价体系进行研究和验证。牡丹峰自然保护区养生旅游综合指数为7.14,是比较典型的产出型自然保护区,要加强宣传促销,在环境承载力以内的范围保证产量的同时,加强环境的改善和各旅游设施的建设工作；兴凯湖自然保护区养生旅游综合指数为7.90,其兼顾了体验型和产出型自然保护区的优势,要继续保持,防止过度开发,严格控制干扰程度,以免环境退化。
[Abstract]:On the basis of the research on the development mode and present situation of nature reserves at home and abroad, the general situation of the development of health preservation tourism, and the evaluation methods and theories of ecotourism in nature reserves at home and abroad, Based on a large number of theories and methods concerning the establishment of evaluation system, this paper tries to construct a comprehensive and objective tourism evaluation system of nature reserve as far as possible. Taking Mudanfeng National Forest Park and Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve as examples, Through the case study and verification, the paper puts forward the guidance on the development of Mudanfeng National Forest Park and Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve. The specific steps of this paper are as follows: select evaluation index, use Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process to solve judgment matrix to determine the weight of evaluation factors; Finally, the multi-level fuzzy pattern recognition model and non-structural decision theory are used to evaluate the project synthetically. This evaluation method not only considers the conditions of the evaluation objects, but also the evaluation results given by the evaluators. Compared with Analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the evaluation method in this paper optimizes the statistical process of the final evaluation result, which can make us have a more comprehensive and objective understanding of the evaluation object. Finally, 60 indexes were established by repeated filter method, frequency statistics method, expert consultation method and seminar, and then the evaluation index system of health preservation tourism in nature reserve was established. Then, the factors listed in the evaluation system were analyzed one by one. Through the analysis and comparison of the relevant indexes and the expert consultation method, the evaluation criteria of the basic evaluation indexes corresponding to each subsystem are selected and determined. Thus the quantitative or qualitative analysis is carried out. The computer software is used to deal with expert advice, to construct judgment matrix, to calculate the weight of each index of performance evaluation of nature reserve, and to analyze the weight of index. From the result of weight calculation, we can know: for nature reserve, The most important factor affecting the development level of the health preservation tourism industry is the demand for health preservation, followed by the tourism conditions (16.8%), the tourism foundation (9.5%), and the health preservation product (7.9%). According to the comprehensive evaluation score of the health tourism index, the nature reserve is classified as excellent, good and moderate. According to the sub-project performance index, the nature reserves are divided into three types: experiential nature reserves, productive nature reserves, unbalanced nature reserves. The principal component analysis was carried out by using SPSS software, and the original 60 index elements were divided into 35 main indexes and 25 secondary indexes. Finally, taking Mudanfeng Nature Reserve and Xingkai Lake Nature Reserve as examples, the evaluation system is studied and verified. The comprehensive index of health preservation tourism of Mudanfeng Nature Reserve is 7.14, which is a typical productive nature reserve. We should strengthen publicity and promotion to ensure output within the range of environmental carrying capacity, and at the same time, strengthen environmental improvement and the construction of various tourist facilities; The comprehensive index of health preservation and tourism in Xingkai Lake Nature Reserve is 7.90, which takes into account the advantages of both experiential and productive nature reserves, and should be maintained to prevent over-exploitation and strictly control the degree of interference so as to avoid environmental degradation.
【学位授予单位】：东北林业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592;X36

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