区域合作视角下的西北五省区旅游空间结构研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:54

本文选题：西北五省区 + 区域合作　；参考：《兰州大学》2013年博士论文

【摘要】：跨区域旅游合作是当今旅游业发展的新趋势之一,可实现区域旅游资源共享、市场协作互补,优化旅游空间结构,尽量避免无序开发、无序竞争、无序管理等突出问题,谋求区域旅游业的可持续发展。西北地区现阶段由于资源的互补性、产品的跨区域性和市场的共享性,有必要进一步加大区域旅游合作,打破地域界限,实现优化配置,加强区域一体化开发,提升和优化区域旅游空间结构,达到资源、市场、产品、信息、人才等多方面的优势互补与分工合作。西北五省区的经济水平、资源禀赋、交通区位、旅游产业政策与发展环境等条件存在一定差异,在空间布局上具有不平衡、异质性与区域性特征,因此其旅游空间结构的形态、功能和效益等具有显著差异。例如,该区域旅游合作缺乏制度化,没有建立起整体的跨区域旅游合作理念,共享型信息平台和多层次合作机制,因而旅游空间结构亟待整合和优化,实现跨区域旅游合作,制定针对性强、行之有效的区域旅游产业调控政策,具有重要的理论和实践意义。实行区域旅游合作,是在承认竞争的前提下,将局部的对立变成更大空间的共存,构建一个和谐统一的整体区域,有利于提高区域整体竞争力,是一个互惠互利、互赢的过程；形成良性互动的竞合机制。竞合模式是区域旅游理想的发展模式,实现区域旅游发展的经济、社会和环境效益最大化。本文对国内外相关研究做了综合述评。阐述了区域旅游合作的基础理论、研究背景、合作趋向、现实意义、列举了实践举措；阐述了跨区域合作的空间结构理论的内涵、机制与模式等；归纳了相关概念以及区域合作的旅游空间结构理论模式,以西北五省区为例,在西北区域旅游现状分析的基础上,由点、轴到网,尝试构建西北区域旅游空间网络和圈层。从理论到实践,从城市旅游竞争力及跨区域旅游线路视角,实践依据包括构建西北区旅游空间网络、拓展西北跨区域旅游线路网络布局、共同推动旅游圈的发展与壮大,即连点成线、交线成网、扩网成面、合网成界；旅游空间网络、圈层结构理论包括城市旅游网络的构建,“点、线、面”空间网络模式的演进机制及模式的实施,西北跨区域旅游网络模式的构建,旅游空间结构的优化整合,构建旅游区与旅游圈。本文运用定性和定量,静态与动态分析相结合等方法,综合运用了西北五省区旅游经济增长贡献率评价分析,五省区旅游产业总体评价分析,五省区旅游客源市场总体评价分析,五省区城市旅游竞争力总体评价分析的研究方法。论文得出了以下几点结论：第一,西北地区旅游产业(企业)发展在空间上呈现出总体不平衡。各省区旅游产业(企业)市场竞争和拓展能力差、处于一种空间上的集中,产业上的离散状态；1999-2011年,本区的各项旅游经济指标总体呈上升趋势,为国民经济增长做出了一定的贡献；旅游业总体不均衡,入境和国内客源市场旅游规模的绝对差异增长迅速,旅游市场规模差异的不均衡、集聚程度越来越显著,且逐年增强,相对差异变化不大,空间分布格局较稳定。第二,采用城市旅游竞争力评价指标体系,划定了西北地区一至四级旅游中心城市,尝试构建一个由西安、兰州、乌鲁木齐等一级旅游中心城市为主导,二级旅游中心城市为支撑,三、四级旅游中心城市为基础,形成结构合理、功能互补的网络化旅游中心城市体系。围绕中心城市体系,构建九大城市旅游经济圈,形成由点及面,多极、多层次的城市旅游圈层结构。第三,西北区旅游景区(点)、客源市场、旅游产业、旅游交通、旅游组织、城市网络等各个子网络共同构成旅游目的地中的互补、协作和竞争的区域大旅游产业体系,实现旅游空间结构的有机整合。拓展西北跨区域旅游线路网络布局,整合旅游线路,突破行政界线,以点带线、带面,连点成线、连线成网；即：围绕中心城市体系和城市梯度旅游圈层建设,通过跨区域、网络化旅游线路设计和整合,立足于“大丝路”,“西北大通道”,构建真正意义上的完整、稳定、紧密的西北跨区域旅游空间网络旅游空间结构层次表现为若干等级层次的旅游合作区域,相互交织,圈层相套。应充分利用区域经济发展的优势和资源,实现区域空间结构和产业结构的优势整合,找到符合自身实际的旅游发展战略和途径。第四,理顺行政体制、以市场为导向,全面加强旅游合作,即构建旅游空间结构优化及实施的策略。主要体现在空间上的整体性,以旅游集散中心为支撑、以旅游区为最基本单元空间结构优化；以旅游线路为纽带的空间结构优化；形成由点及面,层层推进的多极化、多层次的圈层结构。提升旅游企业跨区域合作竞争能力,建立跨省市的旅游企业集团；打造西北区专项旅游产品、精品,打造西北地域、民族特色的旅游商品网,提升西北区旅游品牌竞争力,优化旅游空间结构,构建西北跨区域旅游产品结构网；打破西北区域限制,完善旅游市场运行环境,优化市场结构,构建多层次、开放、竞争有序的西北旅游市场协作网络；完善跨区域合作的支撑体系。包括完善基础设施建设；梯度开发旅游人力资源；实现信息网络一体化。圈层构建九大城市旅游经济圈。西北区旅游空间结构优化应该从“点、线、面”几方面展开,建立合作、互补、均衡、和谐发展的空间关系,实现“城市—区域”与“市场—资源”共轭型的空间结构综合体。逐步构建规模等级完整、职能类型互补、空间结构合理的旅游城市层级体系,采用“点轴推进、纵深辐射、区域联动、网络开发、圈层结构相结合的一区域多极化、多层次、圈层式的旅游联合模式。由“点”到“轴”再到“网”的演进机制,实现西北地区“网络化+多核心+互动”发展态势一体化。
[Abstract]:Inter regional tourism cooperation is one of the new trends in the development of tourism. It can realize regional tourism resources sharing, market cooperation complementation, optimize tourism space structure, avoid unordered development, disordered competition, disordered management and other outstanding problems, and seek the sustainable development of regional tourism. It is necessary to further increase regional tourism cooperation, break regional tourism cooperation, break regional boundaries, realize optimal allocation, strengthen regional integrated development, enhance and optimize regional tourism space structure, and achieve the complementary advantages and cooperation of resources, markets, products, information and talents. The economic water of the five provinces and regions in Northwest China. There are certain differences in resource endowment, traffic location, tourism industry policy and development environment. There are uneven, heterogeneous and regional characteristics in spatial distribution. Therefore, there are significant differences in the form, function and benefit of the spatial structure of tourism. For example, the regional tourism cooperation is not institutionalized and has not established a whole span. The concept of regional tourism cooperation, sharing information platform and multi-level cooperation mechanism, therefore, the tourism space structure needs to be integrated and optimized, to realize cross regional tourism cooperation and to formulate a strong and effective regional tourism industry regulation policy, which has important theoretical and practical meaning.
The implementation of regional tourism cooperation is to transform the local antagonism into the coexistence of greater space on the premise of recognition of competition, to build a harmonious and unified whole area, to improve the overall competitiveness of the region, to be a mutually beneficial and win-win process, to form a competitive and interactive competition mechanism. Competition mode is the development model of regional tourism ideal. To maximize the economic, social and environmental benefits of regional tourism development.
This paper makes a comprehensive review on the related research at home and abroad, expounds the basic theory of regional tourism cooperation, the research background, the trend of cooperation and the practical significance, and enumerates the practical measures, expounds the connotation, mechanism and mode of the spatial structure theory of cross regional cooperation, and sums up the concept of the phase and the theory of the tourism space structure of regional cooperation. The model, taking the northwest five provinces as an example, tries to construct the northwest regional tourism space network and circle on the basis of the analysis of the present situation of the northwest region tourism, and tries to construct the northwest regional tourism space network and circle. From theory to practice, from the perspective of urban tourism competitiveness and cross regional tourism line, the practice is based on the construction of the northwest tourism space network and the expansion of the northwest trans regional brigade. The layout of the line network will jointly promote the development and expansion of the tourism circle, that is, the line of links, the network of intersection, the expansion of the network and the boundary of the network; the tourism space network, the theory of the circle structure, the construction of the urban tourism network, the evolution mechanism and the implementation of the pattern of "point, line and surface", and the construction of the model of the northwest trans regional tourism network. Build and optimize the integration of tourism spatial structure, and build tourist areas and tourism circles.
By means of qualitative and quantitative and static and dynamic analysis, this paper comprehensively uses the evaluation and analysis of the contribution rate of tourism economic growth in the five provinces and regions of Northwest China, the overall evaluation and analysis of the tourism industry in five provinces, the overall evaluation and analysis of the tourist source market in the five provinces and the overall evaluation and analysis of the urban tourism competitiveness in the five provinces and regions.
The paper draws the following conclusions:
First, the development of tourism industry (enterprise) in the northwest region shows an overall imbalance in the space. The competition and expansion of the tourism industry (enterprise) in various provinces and regions is poor, in a spatial concentration and in the discrete state of the industry; in the 1999-2011 year, the tourism economic indicators in this area are generally on the rise, making the economic growth of the national economy. A certain contribution; the overall imbalance of tourism industry, the rapid growth of the absolute difference between the inbound and domestic tourist market, the disequilibrium of the difference in the scale of the tourism market, the increasing degree of agglomeration, and the increase year by year, the relatively small changes in relative differences, and the stability of the spatial distribution pattern.
Second, using the evaluation index system of urban tourism competitiveness, we have delimited the one to four tourist center cities in Northwest China, try to build a tourist center city, which is dominated by Xi'an, Lanzhou, Urumqi and other tourist center cities, and the two tourism center cities are supported, three and four tourism center cities as the basis, forming a reasonable structure and complementary function network. Collaterals the city system of tourism center. Around the central city system, the tourism economic circle of nine cities is constructed, and the urban tourism circle structure is formed from point to face, multipole and multi-level.
Third, the northwest tourist attractions (point), the tourist market, the tourist industry, the tourism transportation, the tourism organization, the city network and other sub networks constitute the complementary, cooperative and competitive regional tourism industrial system in the tourism destination, and realize the organic integration of the tourism space structure. Travel routes, break through the administrative boundaries, take line, face, and connect lines to form a network; that is, the construction of the central city system and the urban gradient tourism circle, the design and integration of the network tourism routes through the cross region, the "big Silk Road", "the northwest big channel", and the construction of a complete, stable and close north-west span in the real sense. Regional tourism space network
The structure of the tourism space is characterized by a number of hierarchical tourism cooperation areas, interwoven with each other, and the circle of circles. We should make full use of the advantages and resources of regional economic development, realize the integration of regional spatial structure and industrial structure, and find the strategies and ways of tourism development in accordance with their own reality.
Fourth, straighten out the administrative system, take the market as the guidance, strengthen the tourism cooperation in an all-round way, that is, to construct the strategy of optimizing and implementing the tourism space structure, which is mainly embodied in the spatial integrity, taking the tourism distribution center as the support, and optimizing the spatial structure of the tourism area as the most basic unit, and optimizing the spatial structure with the tourist route as the link; forming the formation of the space structure; Point and surface, multipolarization and multi-level circle structure, promote the cross regional cooperation and competition ability of tourism enterprises, establish inter provincial tourism enterprise groups, create special tourism products in the northwest, build northwest region and national characteristic tourism commodity network, raise the competitiveness of tourism brand in northwest area, and optimize the tourism space structure. Construction of the northwest regional tourism product structure network; break the northwest regional restrictions, improve the operating environment of the tourism market, optimize the market structure, build a multi-level, open, orderly competitive northwest tourism market cooperation network, improve the support system for cross regional cooperation, including improving the infrastructure construction, the gradient development of Tourism human resources; Now the information network is integrated. The ninth metropolitan tourism economic circle is built in the circle.
The optimization of the spatial structure of tourism in Northwest China should be carried out from the aspects of "point, line and surface" to establish the spatial relationship of cooperation, complementarity, balance and harmonious development, and realize the complex space structure complex of "City area" and "market resource", and gradually build a tourist city with complete scale, complementary function type and reasonable space structure. The hierarchical system uses the "point axis propulsion, the depth radiation, the regional linkage, the network development, the layer structure combining a regional multi polarization, multi-level, circle type tourism joint model. From" point "to" axis "to" network ", the development trend of" network network + multi core + interaction "in Northwest China is integrated.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592.7

【参考文献】