黄山风景区旅游系统能值研究

发布时间：2019-02-08 19:56

【摘要】：能值理论与方法已经被广泛运用于生态经济系统的研究分析层面，从旅游生态经济系统角度，利用能值分析方法对黄山风景区2006—2009年的能值流进行了系统分析，基于前人研究基础和景区特点，创新性的提出了旅游能值交换率、旅游环境负载率、旅游可持续发展指数、旅游可持续发展性能指数以及旅游生态系统健康指数五个新型指标，以2009年为例对景区的能值流状态进行详细阐述；利用三相图分析法揭示了黄山风景区生态经济系统资源利用结构演变过程；对景区的承载力进行比较分析；对景区的生态系统储存能值以及废弃物能值进行了更为详尽的阐述；基于以上分析提出了相应的问题以及发展策略建议。研究结果表明：（1）2006—2009年景区的能值总量有细微的波动，，但是总体上趋于稳定。其中可更新资源、不可更新资源以及建设设施投入能值、食物能值、管理能值以及废弃物能值均较高，净能值产出率、净经济效益率、环境负载率、能值投入率均较低，能值自给率、生态产出率以及旅游者人均能值量较高，能值交换率以及旅游能值交换率较低，从能值综合指标看，黄山将在较长期的时期内会处于可持续发展的状态。（2）2006—2009年，景区可更新资源、不可更新资源能值在总能值使用中的比例下降，反馈能值比率上升，说明景区在运营的过程中，对外界的资源依赖程度上升；净能值产出率与反馈能值比率成反比，呈现下降趋势；能值投入率与反馈能值比率成正比，表现为增长；环境负载率伴随着可更新资源以及不可更新资源的比例的下降表现为轻微的上升浮动。（3）黄山风景区的环境支撑量、环境同化量2006—2009年处于上升趋势，环境支撑量的土地面积大于环境同化量，表明景区的环境承载量主要以资源支撑为主；环境承载量处于增长趋势，而环境承载力保持平衡，会使景区经济发展对环境产生较强的压力。（4）相对于同类型景区，黄山风景区的生态系统服务价值相对较高；2010年的固体废弃物处理投入的能值量为8.32E+17sej，净能值产出率为2.59。文章提出黄山风景区需要通过增加投入、丰富产品结构、完善环卫设施、引进清洁能源以及实现游客合理分流等措施，提高景区整体的可持续发展水平。
[Abstract]:Emergy theory and method have been widely used in the research and analysis of eco-economic system. From the perspective of tourism eco-economic system, the emergy flow in Huangshan Scenic area from 2006 to 2009 is systematically analyzed by using emergy analysis method. Based on the previous studies and the characteristics of scenic spots, five new types of indicators are proposed, such as the exchange rate of tourism emergy, the load rate of tourism environment, the sustainable development index of tourism, the performance index of tourism sustainable development and the health index of tourism ecosystem. Taking 2009 as an example, the state of emergy flow in scenic area is described in detail. Three-phase map analysis was used to reveal the evolution process of resources utilization structure in Huangshan scenic area, to compare and analyze the carrying capacity of scenic area, to expound the energy value of ecosystem storage and the energy value of waste in more detail. Based on the above analysis, the corresponding problems and development strategy suggestions are put forward. The results show that: (1) the total energy value of scenic spots fluctuated slightly from 2006 to 2009, but it tended to be stable on the whole. Among them, renewable resources, non-renewable resources and construction facilities input energy, food energy, management energy and waste energy are all higher, net emergy output rate, net economic benefit rate, environment load rate, energy input rate are all lower. The emergy self-sufficiency rate, ecological output rate and tourists' energy value are higher, and the emergy exchange rate and tourism emergy exchange rate are lower. From the comprehensive index of emergy, the Huangshan Mountain will be in the state of sustainable development in a longer period. (2) from 2006 to 2009, the renewable resources of scenic spots, the proportion of emergy of non-renewable resources in the use of total emergy decreased, and the ratio of feedback emergy increased, which indicated that the degree of dependence on external resources increased in the process of operation of scenic spots; The net emergy output ratio is inversely proportional to the feedback emergy ratio, showing a downward trend, while the emergy input rate is directly proportional to the feedback emergy ratio, showing an increase. With the decrease of the proportion of renewable and non-renewable resources, the environmental load rate fluctuates slightly. (3) the amount of environmental support and assimilation of Huangshan Scenic area is on the rise from 2006 to 2009, and the land area of environmental support is larger than that of environmental assimilation, which indicates that the environmental carrying capacity of the scenic area is mainly supported by resources; The environmental carrying capacity is in the increasing trend, and the environmental bearing capacity is balanced, which will make the economic development of scenic spots produce strong pressure on the environment. (4) the ecosystem service value of Huangshan scenic spot is relatively high compared with the same type of scenic spot, the energy value of solid waste treatment input in 2010 is 8.32E 17sej, and the net emergy output rate is 2.59. The paper points out that Huangshan Scenic area needs to increase investment, enrich product structure, improve sanitation facilities, introduce clean energy and realize reasonable flow of tourists, so as to improve the overall sustainable development level of the scenic area.
【学位授予单位】：安徽师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F592.7;F205;F224

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