中国海岛旅游标准体系构建研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 22:40

【摘要】：在当前的旅游开发进程中，海岛旅游作为一种独具魅力的专项旅游产品受到大众的青睐，逐渐成为旅游开发的热点。我国海岛旅游虽然起步较晚，但发展速度迅速。我国海岛以其独特的地质地貌资源、生态资源以及海洋人文资源等特征吸引了大量的游客，为海岛经济、文化和社会的发展带来的新的希望。但我们也要认识到，海岛面积小，分散且封闭的属性性，造成海岛生态环境及其脆弱，且破坏后难以恢复。目前我国海岛旅游在理论以及实践方面存在着严重缺陷与不足，相应的法律、标准规范的缺乏，给海岛旅游的规范、可持续发展带来一系列的问题。为保护海岛脆弱的生态环境与独特的人文环境，为促进我国海岛旅游健康、有序发展，在对我国现有的旅游标准进行分析的基础上，在新的旅游发展形势下探讨海岛旅游标准的制定，并粗略提出海岛旅游标准的体系结构，不仅具有重要的学术价值，而且能够有效的指导、规范我国海岛旅游开发活动，推动我国海岛地区经济、社会与环境的协调发展。我国的海岛分布在南北跨越38个纬度带、东西跨越17个经度带广阔洋面上，我国海岛旅游资源丰富，具有发展发展海岛旅游业的独特的自然资源条件、海洋人文旅游资源条件与区位条件。依照海岛自然分布的区域，我国逐渐形成了四个海岛旅游大区—渤海岛屿区、黄海岛屿区、东海岛屿区与南海岛屿区，海岛旅游发展迅速，在促进海岛经济、社会、环境发展，资源保护等方面起了重要的作用。但是由于我国有关海岛旅游法律法规、标准的建设滞后于海岛旅游的发展，这使的我国海岛旅游的发展出现了一系列的问题，，如对海岛生态环境的破坏、人文文化商业化发展等，影响我国海岛旅游可持续发展。我国海岛健康、秩序、可持续的发展需要完善的海岛标准体系的支撑。文章分析了国家、各省份颁布的有关海岛法律法规、旅游规划与标准规范，对已经颁布实施的或者即将颁布实施的标准进行分析，得出我国海岛标准建设有了初步的发展，但是建设速度、规模、水平等仍然滞后于海岛旅游发展速度的结论。现有的海岛标准分散性、重复性建设等存在的一系列问题迫切需要对我国现有的海岛旅游标准进行整合，制定适合我国海岛发展的旅游标准体系。在对国外海岛相应的旅游标准、法律法规，国内各省市、地区颁布的有关海岛旅游的标准、法律进行整理分析的前提下，结合我国海岛旅游发展的现实状况，构建出一套适合我国海岛旅游发展的标准体系。按照海岛不同的分类形式，海岛旅游标准体系可以划分为以下几大部分：按照标准综合程度，可以分为综合海岛综合旅游标准、海岛专项旅游标准；按照行政体系，可以分为国家海岛旅游标准、省级海岛旅游标准与地区海岛旅游标准；按照有无居民可以分为有居民海岛旅游标准与无居民海岛旅游标准；其他类型的海岛旅游标准。以综合旅游标准体系为核心，结合国家、地方颁布的有关海岛的旅游法律法规、标准规范、海岛旅游规划等共同构成海岛旅游标准体系框架，以期能够有效的引导、规范我国海岛旅游业的发展。我国海岛旅游标准体系制定要遵循的几大原则，创新性、现实性、适度超前、规范性和循序渐进的原则。在目前海岛旅游发展的形势下，将我国海岛综合旅游标准结构分为：海岛旅游资源调查与评价模块、海岛旅游设施模块、海岛旅游经营、海岛旅游服务、海岛旅游安全卫生、海岛生态环境监测与保护、海岛社区教育与培训与海岛旅游监测与评价等。在综合旅游标准体系的基础上，结合当地海岛旅游业发展的现实状况，标准的制定要遵循国家与上一级部门制定的相关的法律、法规、规章的要求，制定出适合当地海岛旅游发展的标准体系，促进当地海岛旅游业的发展。
[Abstract]:In the current course of tourism development, the island tourism, as a unique tourism product, is popular and gradually becomes the hot spot of tourism development. The island tourism in China is very late, but the development speed is rapid. The island of our country has attracted a great number of tourists with its unique geological and physiognomy resources, ecological resources and marine human resources. It is a new hope for the development of the island economy, culture and society. But we also have to realize that the islands are small, scattered and closed, causing the island's ecological environment and its fragility, and it is difficult to recover after the damage. At present, there are serious defects and deficiencies in the theory and practice of the island tourism in our country, the lack of corresponding laws and standards, the standardization of island tourism, and the sustainable development. In order to protect the fragile ecological environment and the unique human environment of the island, in order to promote the healthy and orderly development of the island tourism in our country, on the basis of the analysis of the existing tourist standards in our country, the development of the island tourism standard is discussed in the new tourism development situation. It not only has important academic value, but also can guide and standardize the development of island tourism in our country, and promote the coordinated development of the economic, social and environment in the island region of China. The island of China is distributed in the north and the south with 38 latitude zones, and the east and west of the island has a vast ocean surface. The island tourism resources of our country are rich and have the unique natural resource conditions for the development and development of the island's tourism, and the conditions and location of the tourism resources of the sea. According to the natural distribution of the island, China has gradually formed four island tourism regions, the Bohai island region, the Yellow Sea island region, the East China Sea island region and the South China Sea Islands region, the island tourism development is rapid, and the island economic, social and environmental issues are promoted It has played an important role in the fields of exhibition and resource protection With the development of the island tourism, the development of the island tourism in our country has caused a series of problems, such as the destruction of the island's ecological environment and the commercial development of the human culture. On the Sustainable Development of Island Tourism in China The development of the island health, order and sustainable development of our country requires the improvement of the branch of the island standard system The paper analyzes the laws and regulations of the island, the tourism planning and the standard specifications issued by the state and the provinces, and analyses the standards that have been promulgated and implemented or are about to be issued and implemented, and concludes that the standard construction of the island in China has a preliminary development, but the construction speed and the rules The form, level, etc. still lag behind the development speed of the island's tourism On the basis of a series of problems in the existing sea-island standard dispersivity, repetitive construction and so on, the existing sea-island tourism standard in China is urgently needed to be integrated, and the tourism standard suitable for the island development in China is formulated. On the premise of the regulation and analysis of the relevant tourism standards, laws and regulations of the island, the relevant standards and laws on island tourism issued by the provinces and cities and regions of the country, and the current development of the island tourism in China, A set of standards suitable for the development of island tourism in China is constructed. The system of the island tourism can be divided into the following parts according to the different classification forms of the islands: according to the standard comprehensive degree, it can be divided into the comprehensive sea-island comprehensive tourism standard and the island-specific tourism standard; according to the administrative system, the island tourism standard system can be divided into the national island brigade Tourism standards, provincial-level island tourism standards and regional island tourism standards; according to the presence or absence of residents can be divided into the standard of island tourism and the non-resident island tourism standard of the residents; and other types of island brigades On the basis of the comprehensive tourism standard system, the framework of the island tourism standard system is formed by combining the tourism laws and regulations of the island, the standard and the standard, the island tourism planning and so on, so as to be able to guide and regulate the island tourism in China. The development of China's island tourism standard system is the main principles, the innovation, the reality, the moderate advance, the standard and the sequence to be followed. In the current situation of island tourism development, the comprehensive tourism standard structure of the island is divided into the following parts: island tourism resource survey and evaluation module, island tourism facility module, island tourism operation, island tourism service, island tourism safety and health, island ecological environment Monitoring and protection, island community education and training and island tourism supervision On the basis of the comprehensive tourism standard system, combining with the reality of the local island tourism development, the development of the standard is to follow the requirements of the relevant laws, regulations and rules formulated by the state and the upper-level department, and formulate the tourism development suitable for the local island Standard system for the promotion of local island brigades
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F592.7

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