脆弱草原带农牧交错区村域尺度土地利用结构定量分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 16:11

本文关键词：脆弱草原带农牧交错区村域尺度土地利用结构定量分析　出处：《农业工程学报》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：村级规划是现行土地利用规划的延伸和完善,全面揭示村域土地利用结构特征是村级土地利用规划编制必不可少的前提条件。该文以四子王旗中部乌兰察布丘陵区西南8个乡镇54个村(社区)组成的典型的脆弱草原带农牧交错区为研究区域,以其所辖村(社区)为分析单元,利用2013年遥感影像解译数据,运用计量地理方法和GIS技术,定量分析村域土地利用结构特征,为脆弱草原带农牧交错区村级土地利用规划的编制提供参考依据。结果表明:研究区土地利用多样化指数平均值为0.71,所辖各村(社区)多样化指数介于0~0.77之间,土地利用类型多样化程度总体处于中等偏上水平;各村(社区)集中化指数介于-0.33~1之间,集中化程度总体呈现为中等偏下的状态;土地组合类型相对较丰富,半数以上的村(社区)地类组合类型以耕地-林地-牧草地为主,37%的村(社区)以耕地-林地为主,空间分布上基本形成了一个集最单一和最齐全组合类型的中心区域和以此为中心的3条南北带状分布区域及最外侧对称分布的2个地段,在这些不同区域和地段内耕地、林地和牧草地呈现出相间分布的特点;土地利用程度综合指数平均值为243.05,各村(社区)综合指数值介于213.83~400之间,土地利用程度总体水平较高;受地形、海拔及人类生产投入水平的影响,各类用地在各村(社区)的区位意义不尽相同,其中耕地和林地区位意义相对较突出,而对半干旱草原地区来说,牧草地区位意义并不突出。据此,脆弱草原带农牧交错区的土地利用,在完善灌丛林生态体系的同时加强牧草地保护和农田基本建设是确保草原生态安全和经济稳定发展的必然选择。
[Abstract]:Village planning is the extension and perfection of current land use planning. It is necessary to reveal the characteristics of the land use structure in the village area for the compilation of the land use planning at the village level. In this paper, 54 villages (communities) in 8 villages and towns in the southwest of Wulanchabu hilly area in the central part of Siziwang Banner are presented in this paper. The typical fragile steppe belt is the study area of agriculture and pastoral ecotone. Taking the village (community) under its jurisdiction as the analysis unit, using the remote sensing image to interpret the data in 2013, quantitative analysis of the land use structure characteristics in the village area was carried out by using the method of econometric geography and GIS technology. The results showed that the average value of land use diversification index was 0.71 in the study area. The diversity index of each village (community) is between 0 and 0.77, and the degree of diversification of land use type is generally in the middle level. The centralization index of each village (community) was between -0.33 and 1, and the degree of centralization showed a moderate and lower level; The land combination type is relatively rich, more than half of the village (community) land combination type mainly consists of cultivated land, woodland and pasture land, and 37% of the villages (communities) are mainly cultivated land and woodland. The spatial distribution basically formed a single and the most complete combination type of the central region and this as the center of the three north-south zonal distribution and the most lateral symmetrical distribution of the two sections. The cultivated land, woodland and forage land in these different regions and areas show the characteristics of interphase distribution. The average value of comprehensive index of land use degree is 243.05, the comprehensive index value of each village (community) is between 213.83 ~ 400, and the overall level of land use degree is relatively high. Affected by topography, altitude and the level of human production input, all kinds of land use in different villages (communities) have different regional significance, among which the significance of cultivated land and forest area is relatively prominent, but for semi-arid grassland area. Therefore, the land use in the ecotone of agriculture and pasturage in the fragile grassland is not prominent. It is an inevitable choice to ensure the ecological security of grassland and the stable development of economy by improving the ecological system of shrub and jungle and strengthening the conservation of forage land and farmland infrastructure at the same time.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院;内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院;
【基金】：全国高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金联合资助项目(20131515110005) 国家自然科学基金项目(41161014)
【分类号】：F301.2
【正文快照】： 0引言中国生态脆弱区主要分布在北方干旱半干旱区、南方丘陵区、西南山地区、青藏高原区及东部沿海水陆交接地区,其中北方干旱半干旱生态脆弱区包括一定面积 2 的农牧交错带,由于开垦农业与畜牧业种土地利用方式的交错分布而进一步加剧了复合生态系统的脆弱性,文中将其称

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