区域生态保护红线空间辨识与土地利用安全格局情景模拟研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:20

本文选题：生态保护红线 + 土地利用安全格局　；参考：《江西财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地是生态文明发展的空间载体,土地利用安全是区域社会经济持续健康发展的重要保障。人类从工业社会以来,经济发展、人口增长、城市扩张,最开始的土地利用安全格局发生了翻天覆地的改变,水土流失、土地沙化、草场退化以及地区土壤重金属污染等土地利用安全问题凸显。人类利用土地资源的不正确方式以及社会经济活动的无节制,使得自然生态环境系统受到了胁迫,一些维护区域生态安全的重点区域被建设用地和农业用地侵占,生态保护红线就在此大背景下应运而生。关注区域尺度下的土地利用安全问题,对区域内的土地利用安全问题进行协调分析和调控治理,是实现区域土地资源恒久发展的基础。科学地辨识出所要研究区域生态保护红线空间范围,进而进行研究区土地利用安全格局情景模拟分析,明确当前区域存在的土地利用安全问题和红线分布规律和特点,并对特定研究区的自然生态环境状况和存在的土地利用安全问题实施全面系统分析和梳理,从而提出有效恰当的土地资源利用的建议和措施,实现区域自然、社会、经济三者间的协调发展。本文以我国重要的生态功能保护区鄱阳湖生态经济区为研究区域,结合国内外学者的相关实践经验和研究成果,在RS和GIS等相关空间信息技术的辅助支持下,通过生态系统服务功能重要性评价和生态系统敏感性评价方法,因地制宜的选取相应地生态保护红线评价指标,辨识了生态保护红线空间范围,并在辨识的基础上,基于CA-Markov模型模拟了三种不同发展情景下2020年鄱阳湖生态经济区土地利用安全格局,得到如下结论。(1)本文通过辨识生态保护红线空间范围,并将其划分为底线型红线区、缓冲型红线区和理想型红线区三类。结果表明生态保护红线区面积为27751.25 km2,占研究区总面积的52.55%,其中三类红线区面积分别为17125.31km2、4431.19km2和6194.75km2,占比分别为32.43%、8.39%和11.73%。这些地区都是维护区域生态安全和健康的重点保护区域。同时,在生态保护红线区内,耕地、林地、水域是其主要的土地利用类型,而草地和未利用地几乎没有,未来应特别注意鄱阳湖生态经济区经济发展、人口增加、城镇扩张导致占用大量耕地、林地、水域等情况。(2)本文设置底线红线型、缓冲红线型、理想红线型等三种不同的发展情景,不同发展情景下土地利用安全格局存在差异性。三种不同发展情景下,城乡建设用地占用其他用地的现象逐渐降低,在生态用地保护数量方面,理想红线型情景缓冲红线型情景底线红线型情景。同时,设置的三种不同发展情景下的土地利用情况均符合土地利用总体规划划定的标准,不仅满足区域粮食安全、农业发展、经济发展、生态优先等对土地的需求,也满足了在具有重要生态系统服务功能价值和生态敏感性区域的生态安全的要求。(3)从不同发展情景下鄱阳湖生态经济区2020年土地利用安全格局中耕地、城乡建设用地等占用生态保护红线用地的情况来看,现状用地损失量底线红线型情景用地损失量缓冲红线型情景用地损失量理想红线型情景用地损失量。(4)综合不同发展情景下生态用地面积总量,生态保护红线用地损失量以及空间发展形态等三方面因素,三种发展情景都满足区域粮食安全、农业发展、经济发展、生态优先等对土地的需求和消耗。不同发展情景下土地利用安全格局优劣排序为理想红线型情景缓冲红线型情景底线红线型情景。在未来土地利用管理过程中,鄱阳湖生态经济区应优先推行退耕还林还草还湖工程,重点保护生态红线区域的生态安全与生态健康发展。
[Abstract]:Land is the space carrier for the development of ecological civilization. Land use security is an important guarantee for the sustainable and healthy development of regional social economy. Since the industrial society, human beings, economic development, population growth, urban expansion, and the beginning of the land use security pattern have undergone earthshaking changes, soil erosion, land desertification, grassland degradation and land. The problem of land use safety, such as heavy metal pollution in the area, has been highlighted. The inaccurate way of using land resources and the unrestrained social and economic activities make the natural ecological environment system under coercion. Some key areas to maintain the ecological security of the region are occupied by the construction land and agricultural land, and the red line of ecological protection is in this big back. The land use security problem under regional scale is concerned, and the coordination analysis and control of land use safety in the region is the basis of the sustainable development of regional land resources. It is scientifically identified that the area of regional ecological protection red line space should be studied, and then the land use safety grid of the research area is carried out. On the basis of the situation simulation analysis, the current regional land use safety problems and the red line distribution laws and characteristics are clearly defined, and the natural ecological environment conditions and the existing land use safety problems in the specific research areas are systematically analyzed and combed, and the effective and appropriate suggestions and measures for the use of land resources are put forward to realize the region. In this paper, the Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, an important ecological function protected area of China, is the research area, which combines the relevant practical experience and research results of scholars at home and abroad, with the support of RS and GIS and other related spatial information technology, and through the importance evaluation and ecology of ecosystem service function. The system sensitivity evaluation method, according to local conditions to select the corresponding ecological protection red line evaluation index, identified the ecological protection red line space range, and based on the identification, based on the CA-Markov model simulation of the three different development scenarios in 2020 Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone land use security pattern, get the following conclusions. (1) this paper The ecological protection red line space is identified and divided into three categories: the bottom line red line area, the buffer red line area and the ideal red line area. The results show that the area of the ecological protection red line area is 27751.25 km2, accounting for 52.55% of the total area of the study area, of which the area of the three red line areas is 17125.31km24431.19km2 and 6194.75km2, respectively, and the proportion is 32., respectively. 43%, 8.39% and 11.73%. are the key protection areas for maintaining regional ecological safety and health. At the same time, in the red line area of ecological protection, cultivated land, woodland and water are the main types of land use, while grassland and unused land are almost not. In the future, special attention should be paid to the economic development of Poyang Lake eco economic zone, population increase, and urban expansion. Zhang led to a large number of cultivated land, woodland, water and other conditions. (2) this article set the bottom line red line, the red line type, the ideal red line, and other three different development scenarios, under different development scenarios, the land use security pattern is different. Under the three different development scenarios, the urban and rural construction land occupying other land use phenomenon gradually reduced, in the birth of the situation. At the same time, the land use conditions under the three different development scenarios are consistent with the standard of the overall land use planning, which not only meet the needs of regional food security, agricultural development, economic development, ecological priority and so on, as well. It meets the requirements of ecological security with important ecosystem service function value and ecological sensitivity area. (3) from the situation of land use security pattern of Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone in 2020, urban and rural construction land occupied ecological protection red line land in the situation of land use in 2020, the bottom line of land loss is the bottom line red line type The scenario land loss amount buffered the red line scenario for the loss of the ideal red line scenario. (4) the total amount of ecological land area under different development scenarios, the amount of land loss for ecological protection red line and the spatial development form, and the three development scenarios meet the regional grain security, agricultural development and economic development. In the process of land use management, in the process of land use management, the Poyang Lake eco economic zone should give priority to the implementation of returning farmland to forest, grass and lake project, focusing on the protection of the ecological red line. Ecological security and ecological health development in the region.

【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X24;F301.2

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