家庭结构与农民创业——基于中国千村调查的数据分析

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:01

本文选题：创业 + 农民　；参考：《中国工业经济》2017年12期

【摘要】：很多学者从个体特质与外部环境的角度探讨农民创业行为,而实际上农民的创业选择深受家庭因素的影响,家庭结构如何影响到农民的创业选择,这是一个仍未受到广泛关注的重要研究问题。本文基于家庭资本理论将家庭结构分为社会精英家庭与人力残缺家庭,并使用上海财经大学2016年"中国千村调查"的数据,就两种类型的家庭结构与农民创业活动之间的关系进行了分析,主要得到以下结论:(1)农民的社会精英家庭背景,如有家庭成员担任村干部、拥有党员身份、或者是村里公认的德高望重者,将显著提高其选择创业活动的可能性;而人力残缺家庭,即家庭结构稳定性受到破坏的家庭,如父母离异、兄弟姐妹残疾、老人或子女残疾等,将显著降低其选择创业活动的概率。(2)社会精英家庭的农民创业主要是机会驱动、寻求更大独立或成就一番事业,即典型的机会型创业;而人力残缺家庭的农民虽然不倾向于创业,但一旦选择创业则主要是出于生存或改善现状考虑,即典型的生存型创业。(3)家庭结构对农民创业行为的影响作用还受到区域关系文化的制约,这主要表现在,地处强关系文化区域的社会精英家庭将更大程度地提高其家庭成员从事创业活动的可能性。本文深入剖析了经济转型时期中国农民创业行为的内在决定性机理,有助于探索激励农民创业行为的家庭因素及其作用机制,对推进农民创业理论范式新发展具有一定的意义。
[Abstract]:Many scholars discuss farmers' entrepreneurial behavior from the perspective of individual characteristics and external environment, but in fact, farmers' entrepreneurial choices are deeply influenced by family factors. How does family structure affect farmers' entrepreneurial choices? This is an important research issue that has not yet received wide attention. Based on the theory of family capital, this paper divides the family structure into social elite families and human resource disabled families, and uses the data from Shanghai University of Finance and Economics' China 1000 villages Survey in 2016. This paper analyzes the relationship between the two types of family structure and farmers' entrepreneurial activities. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the social elite family background of peasants, such as having family members as village cadres, having party members, Or, as recognized in the village, the possibility of choosing entrepreneurial activities will be significantly increased; and families with incomplete human resources, that is, families whose family structure has been undermined, such as parents divorced, siblings disabled, older persons or children disabled, etc. It will significantly reduce the probability of choosing entrepreneurial activities. 2) Peasants' entrepreneurship in social elite families is mainly driven by opportunities and seeks greater independence or achievement of some undertakings, that is, typical opportunistic entrepreneurship; However, although farmers from disabled families do not tend to start a business, once they choose to start a business, they are mainly concerned with survival or improvement of the status quo. That is, the impact of family structure on farmers' entrepreneurial behavior is also restricted by the culture of regional relations, which is mainly reflected in, The social elite families located in strong relationship culture areas will increase the possibility of their family members engaging in entrepreneurial activities to a greater extent. This paper deeply analyzes the intrinsic decisive mechanism of Chinese farmers' entrepreneurial behavior in the period of economic transformation, which is helpful to explore the family factors and their functional mechanisms that stimulate farmers' entrepreneurial behavior, and has certain significance to promote the new development of peasant entrepreneurship theory paradigm.
【作者单位】：上海财经大学国际工商管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金面上项目“家族连带、决策行为选择与私营企业成长机制研究”(批准号71672105) 教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“中国农地经营权流转:动力机制与策略互动”(批准号17YJC790069) 上海财经大学创新团队支持计划“制度环境、创业与组织决策行为”(批准号2016110394)
【分类号】：F279.2;F323.6

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