新疆兵团棉花生产技术效率及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 17:48

本文选题：兵团棉花 + 生产技术效率　；参考：《石河子大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：兵团地处我国西北部地区,是我国棉花的主要产区之一。兵团土地资源有限,但光照充足、地膜滴灌的普及应用更是促进了兵团棉花的生产。随着兵团经济的不断发展,农业产业结构在不断调整,棉花的生产技术效率也在发生变化。国家的临时收储政策激发了兵团职工植棉的积极性,总体发展迅速,棉花供应充足。但国内纺织需求不旺,与此同时国际棉价的下跌成为国家临时收储政策的包袱,在此过程中棉花产量的不断提升,付出的代价是棉花的成本的水涨船高,直接对的兵团植棉职工的收益、下游相关产业甚至是整个国民经济的发展造成不利影响。因而在现有条件下,了解确定兵团棉花生产技术效率的实际水平,使棉花生产过程中的投入要素减少,进而提升棉花的产出要素,找出影响或制约兵团棉花生产技术效率提升的主要与关键因素,最终能进一步提升兵团棉花生产技术效率,实现促进棉花产业的快速增长,其有效途径就是提高棉花生产的技术效率。本文从生产技术效率的视角考察兵团棉花生产的实际状况,借鉴前人的研究成果,综合农业领域生产技术效率的研究方法,对兵团棉花生产技术效率进行深入的研究和分析。主要结论如下:1.利用2003-2012年兵团13个植棉师棉花生产的投入与产出相关影响因素的面板数据,建立随机前沿生产函数模型,对兵团棉花生产的技术效率进行了测算。通过综合考虑得出兵团棉花生产的整体技术效率水平为0.8638,因而距离生产技术效率的生产前沿还有一定的提高潜力和空间。兵团棉花生产技术效率的相关影响因素中,用工数量、投入的直接费用和时间变量对兵团棉花的生产技术影响较为明显,对兵团棉花生产的促进作用较大。但影响效率的因素中棉花机采比重、种籽费用的相关投入比率的系数和政策性的影响均为负,且不显著。2.通过对兵团13个植棉师的技术效率值进行聚类分析,得出相应的聚类分析的结果。第一类地区由第十二师、第一师、第三师、第二师、第五师组成,平均效率水平0.9214;第二类地区由第七师、第八师、第六师组成,平均效率水平0.8635;第三类地区由第十四师、第四师、第十三师、第十师、第九师组成,平均效率水平0.7924。根据聚类分析和样本的变异系数计算结果,结合各师所处的自然环境和经济环境,分析各类地区效率值存在差异可能存在的原因。3.运用随机前沿的分析方法计算新疆地方的棉花生产技术效率,得出新疆地方的棉花生产整体的技术效率水平为0.8256,与兵团的技术效率水平0.8638存在一定的差距。通过将新疆地方经济体制下的棉花生产与兵团经济体制下的棉花生产的相关影响因素作对比,说明兵团宏观的规模化生产是其棉花生产技术效率优于地方管理体制下棉花生产的主要原因。针对相关的分析结果,提出如下政策性建议:继续采棉机的推广工作,提高棉花生产的工作效率;加强棉花生产过程中的技术投入,提高现有棉花的种植技术;完善兵团棉花生产过程的管理制度,降低棉花的生产成本;合理规划肥料施用情况,发展绿色环保棉花产业;加强兵团的宏观调控政策性指引,提高棉花生产的政策性补贴;满足市场需求,发展机采与手采并行的棉花生产。
[Abstract]:The Corps is located in the northwest of China. It is one of the main producing areas of cotton in China. The land resources of the corps are limited, but the light is sufficient. The popularization and application of the film drip irrigation has promoted the production of cotton in the Corps. With the continuous development of the Corps economy, the agricultural industrial structure is constantly adjusting, and the production technology efficiency of cotton is also changing. The temporary storage policy has stimulated the enthusiasm of the Corps workers to plant cotton, the overall development is rapid, and the cotton supply is sufficient. However, the domestic textile demand is poor. At the same time, the decline of the international cotton price has become a burden to the national temporary storage policy. In this process, the production of cotton is increasing, the cost is the rise and rise of the cost of cotton, direct In the present conditions, we can understand the actual level of the technical efficiency of the cotton production, reduce the input factors in the process of cotton production, and then improve the output factors of cotton, and find out the influence or restriction of the corps cotton. The main and key factors of the improvement of the production technology efficiency can further improve the technical efficiency of the cotton production and promote the rapid growth of the cotton industry. The effective way is to improve the technical efficiency of the cotton production. This paper examines the actual situation of the cotton production in the perspective of production technology efficiency, and draws on the previous research. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. a random frontier production function model was established using the panel data of the related factors related to the input and output of cotton production in the 2003-2012 year corps of 13 cotton planner in the production of cotton production. The technical efficiency of the production is calculated. Through comprehensive consideration, the overall technical efficiency level of the cotton production of the Corps is 0.8638, so there is a certain increase potential and space for the production cutting edge of the production technology efficiency. The number of workers, the direct cost and time of the investment are the related factors of the technical efficiency of the production of cotton. The impact of the quantity on the production technology of the corps cotton is more obvious, and it has a great effect on the cotton production of the Corps. But the factors affecting the efficiency are all negative in the proportion of cotton machine mining, the ratio of the relative input ratio and the policy of the seed cost, and the clustering analysis of the technical efficiency values of the 13 cotton planting divisions of the Corps is not statistically analyzed. The first category consists of twelfth divisions, first divisions, third divisions, second divisions, and fifth divisions, with an average efficiency level of 0.9214; the second areas are composed of seventh, eighth, sixth, and average efficiency 0.8635; third areas are composed of fourteenth, fourth, thirteenth division, faculty, and teacher. The average efficiency level 0.7924. is based on the results of clustering analysis and the coefficient of variation of samples. Combining the natural environment and economic environment of each division, the possible reasons for the difference in efficiency value of various regions are analyzed..3. is used to calculate the technical efficiency of cotton production in Xinjiang by the method of random frontier analysis, and the cotton students in Xinjiang place are obtained. The technical efficiency level of the whole production is 0.8256, and there is a certain gap between the technical efficiency level of the corps and the level of 0.8638. By comparing the related factors of cotton production under the Xinjiang local economic system and the production of cotton under the bingtua economic system, it shows that the macro scale production of the Corps is better than the local cotton production technology efficiency. The main reasons for cotton production under the management system. In view of the related analysis results, the following policy suggestions are put forward: to continue the promotion of cotton picker, to improve the efficiency of cotton production, to strengthen the technical input in the process of cotton production, to improve the planting technology of the existing cotton, to improve the management system of the cotton production process and to reduce the cotton production process. The cost of production, the rational planning of fertilizer application, the development of green cotton industry, strengthening the policy guidance of the macro regulation and policy of the Corps, improving the policy subsidies for cotton production, meeting the demand of the market and developing the parallel cotton production with the machine and hand.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S562;F326.12

【参考文献】