水制变革影响下的绿洲农户生计适应与分化
[Abstract]:The degradation of the natural environment of the ecological fragile region has caused a series of policy changes such as "returning farmland to forest", "ecological migration", "prohibition of animal and animal husbandry" and the like, and also has a profound influence on the livelihood of the farmers who depend on the natural resources at the same time of promoting the ecological restoration, Under the influence of natural resource reduction and adaptation, farmer's livelihood development is gradually differentiated. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the influence of the policy change of the ecological fragility and the remote area on the development of the livelihood of the farmer, and to clarify the key influencing factors and the driving mechanism of the farmer's livelihood adaptation and the development of the livelihood and the development of the rural reconstruction in the new period. Minqin county is located in the northwest of China, because of its fragile ecological environment and becomes a typical region of social policy change, this paper uses the water system change (the change of water resource utilization system) as the entry point and makes use of the sustainable livelihood frame. On the basis of the thorough investigation of the social policy environment and the farmer's livelihood, the livelihood status of the farmers before and after the change of the water system is compared, and the adaptation method and the differentiation of the livelihood of the farmers are summarized, and the key influencing factors of the development of the livelihood differentiation of the farmers under the influence of the water system change are identified by the regression model, On the basis of this, the driving mechanism of the development of the farmer's livelihood differentiation is summarized, and the following conclusions are drawn: the reform of the water-water system brings about a great pressure such as the reduction of cultivated land, the rise of water price, the difficulty of domestic water and the increase of the surplus labor force, etc. Under the guidance of the government and the rational driving of the farmer's own, the farmers have taken measures such as the facilities agriculture, the people's drinking works, the characteristic forest products, the migrant workers and other production and life ways to adapt to the pressure of the water system change to the livelihood of the farmers. Under the influence of the change of the water system, the non-agricultural livelihood activities of the farmers are gradually developed, the livelihood activities are becoming more and more diversified, and the types of livelihood strategies of the traditional agriculture-oriented, the facility agriculture-oriented, the migrant-oriented, the non-agricultural and the mixed-type and the like are formed. The dominant position of traditional agriculture has been weakened. The influence of the change of the water system, the overall decrease of the natural capital and the financial capital of the farmer, the overall appearance of the material capital, the social capital and the total index of the livelihood capital shows a different degree of growth trend, and shows the lack of natural capital, human capital and material capital. Social capital and financial capital are rich. The direction and extent of the change in the livelihood capital of farmers with different livelihood strategies are different. The number of agricultural facilities, the degree of policy awareness, the effective irrigation degree, the quantity of the large livestock, the cultivated area per capita, the trust of the neighborhood, the scale of the close well and the number of the loans to be used are the key variables that affect the differentiation of the livelihood strategies of the farmers, and the difference of the key factors of the formation of different livelihood strategies is large. The overall labor capacity of the family, the number of the available loans, the per capita arable land area, the agricultural water expenditure ratio, the adult education level, the water resource rights and the fixed assets amount are the key influencing factors of the livelihood output of the farmers, and the influence direction and the degree of the factors on the livelihood output of the farmers are different. The development of the rural household's livelihood is the result of multiple factors. The various policies implemented in the process of water system change are the trigger and the booster of the farmer's livelihood differentiation; the livelihood capital is the support and foundation of the farmer's livelihood differentiation and development; the rational choice of the farmer as a rational person is the decisive factor of the direction of livelihood differentiation and development. In addition, social ethics, such as education, health and maintenance of family members, has an unnegligible effect on the development of livelihood activities of farmers. This study is based on the logical main line of the "The Development of the Pressure Adaptation to the Development of the Differentiation of the" in the background of policy environment change, and provides a research paradigm and case for the study of the impact of policy environment change on the livelihood of farmers. At the same time, on the basis of the conclusion, this paper summarizes the problems existing in the development of the farmer's livelihood in the research area, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to promote the sustainable development of the farmer's livelihood, with a view to providing a reference for the development of the relevant policies for the livelihood development of the farmers in the area.
【学位授予单位】:西北大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:F323.8
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