我国财富不平等形成机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-13 14:14

本文关键词：我国财富不平等形成机制研究　出处：《福建论坛(人文社会科学版)》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：当前,我国财富不平等程度十分严重,收入基尼系数已超过0.4的国际警戒线,而财富基尼系数则高达0.7左右。财富不平等的形成机制错综复杂,从制度因素、政策因素、资产泡沫以及市场机制四个方面对财富不平等形成机制进行分析显示:在制度因素方面,私有制经济的发展、价格双轨制、中小国有企业产权私有化改革、住房商品化制度改革、部分政府官员与国企高管利用公共权力设租寻租等制度因素都导致财富向少数群体集聚,扩大了财富不平等;在政策因素方面,政府的资本、东部与城市偏向型政策造成财富向资本所有者、东部以及城市集聚的趋势,扩大了财富不平等;在资产泡沫方面,房地产、股市以及资源泡沫使少数群体利用金融杠杆或政策漏洞完成原始积累,占有巨额财富,扩大了财富不平等;在市场机制方面,金融悖论使资金流向富人,而远离穷人,出现财富分化。为了缩小财富不平等,建议:制度方面,要防止国有资产内部人控制,需加大反腐力度;政策方面,使政府的资本偏向型政策向劳动偏向型政策转变;资产泡沫方面,要防止脱实向虚;市场机制方面,政府需对财富分配进行干预,避免社会财富过分集中。
[Abstract]:At present, the degree of wealth inequality in China is very serious, the income Gini coefficient has exceeded the international warning line of 0.4, while the wealth Gini coefficient is as high as 0.7. The formation mechanism of wealth inequality is complicated. From the institutional factors, policy factors, asset bubbles and market mechanism four aspects of wealth inequality formation mechanism analysis shows: in institutional factors, the development of private ownership economy, double-track price system. Some institutional factors, such as privatization of property rights of small and medium-sized state-owned enterprises, reform of housing commercialization system, and some government officials and senior executives of state-owned enterprises make use of public power to set up rent-seeking and rent-seeking, all lead to the accumulation of wealth to minority groups. Increased wealth inequality; In terms of policy factors, the government's capital, eastern and urban biased policies lead to the trend of wealth to capital owners, eastern and urban agglomeration, which expands the wealth inequality; In terms of asset bubbles, real estate, stock market and resource bubbles enable minorities to make use of financial leverage or policy loopholes to complete primitive accumulation, occupy huge wealth, and expand wealth inequality; In the aspect of market mechanism, the financial paradox makes the capital flow to the rich, but away from the poor, which leads to wealth differentiation. In order to reduce the wealth inequality, it is suggested to prevent the internal control of state-owned assets. Need to strengthen anti-corruption efforts; In terms of policy, the government's capital-biased policy should be transformed into labor-biased policy; In asset bubble, we should prevent from destructing reality; In terms of market mechanism, the government should intervene in the distribution of wealth to avoid excessive concentration of social wealth.
【作者单位】：山西财经大学经济学院;西北大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目支持。项目名称《中国特色社会主义发展经济学理论与西部区域经济发展实践研究》,批准号:11JJD790022
【分类号】：F124.7
【正文快照】： 一、引言改革开放以来,我国收入差距不断扩大,近年来基尼系数维持在0.47左右的高位,这一问题引起国内外学者的高度关注。收入属于流量,财富属于存量,两者相互影响,收入不平等会扩大财富不平等,而财富不平等也会扩大收入不平等。现有文献对收入不平等关注较多,而对财富不平等关

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