经济全球化对南北国家间收入差距影响的实证研究

发布时间：2018-01-17 21:11

本文关键词：经济全球化对南北国家间收入差距影响的实证研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：收入分配问题是经济学家一直关注的热点问题，而南北国家收入差距是经济全球化对发展中国家带来的一个重要挑战，虽然发达国家在经济全球化的过程中始终保持着优势，占据着主导权，但是世界经济的两极分化势必会导致严重的后果，如何缩小南北国家间的收入差距，带动发展中国家经济健康发展是各国以及联合国都十分关注的问题。经济全球化已经是一个不可逆转的过程，参与全球化的国家无论多少都会从中收益，但是分配问题的平等是相对而言的，在世界经济蛋糕被做大的同时有没有被分配的更均也是各国所关注和讨论的焦点。所以在经济全球化的过程中究竟是什么原因引起的南北国家间收入差距是本文研究的重点，以及经济全球化对南北国家间收入差距的影响程度也是本文的分析要点。由于数据选取的限制以及影响因素的重要程度对于经济全球化的衡量，本研究仅从国际贸易与国际金融两个角度进行研究和量化。本研究根据经济全球化影响南北国家间收入差距的情况做出了理论说明和推导分析，并根据库兹涅茨的倒U型理论提出南北国家间收入差距与发达国家人口占世界人口总比重以及世界经济总量间都存在倒U型关系。选取了从1980年到2012年之间由世界银行统计记录的80各国家的数据为基础，选用传统的基尼系数进行变形作为衡量南北国家间收入差距的指标，，同时以发达国家人口占比、全球进出口总额、金融资产负债总额作为重要变量建立回归模型，分析这类影响因素对南北国家间收入差距的影响，并验证假设的正确性。根据1980年到2012年间GINI系数与各影响因素间的变化规律，说明在长期中全球总收入财富与GINI系数呈负相关关系且对GINI系数影响权重最大，其次分别为发达国人人口占比发达国家与发展中国家间GDP差距以及上一期GINI系数。而在短期中全球收入总财富与GINI系数呈正相关关系，并且是最弱的影响因素，而发达国家人口占比成为最大的影响因素。
[Abstract]:Income distribution is a hot issue that economists have been paying close attention to, and the income gap between North and South countries is an important challenge to developing countries brought by economic globalization. Although the developed countries in the process of economic globalization has always maintained an advantage, occupy the leading power, but the polarization of the world economy will inevitably lead to serious consequences, how to narrow the income gap between the North and South countries. Promoting the healthy economic development of developing countries is a matter of great concern to all countries and the United Nations. Economic globalization is already an irreversible process, no matter how many countries will benefit from it, but the equality of distribution is relatively speaking. While the world economic cake has been enlarged, whether or not it has been distributed is also the focus of attention and discussion among countries. Therefore, what causes the income gap between the north and south countries in the process of economic globalization is this article. The focus of the study. And the impact of economic globalization on the income gap between North and South countries is also the main point of this paper. Due to the constraints of data selection and the importance of the impact factors on the measurement of economic globalization. This study only from the perspective of international trade and international finance to study and quantification.This study makes theoretical explanation and deductive analysis according to the economic globalization that affects the income gap between North and South countries. According to Kuznets' inverted U-type theory, the relationship between the income gap between North and South countries and the proportion of developed countries' population in the world population and the world economy is presented. Data for each of the 80 countries recorded by the World Bank were based on two years. The traditional Gini coefficient is chosen as the index to measure the income gap between the north and south countries, and the proportion of the population of developed countries and the total import and export of the whole world. The total amount of financial assets and liabilities as an important variable to establish a regression model to analyze the impact of such factors on the income gap between North and South countries. And verify the validity of the hypothesis. According to the GINI coefficient from 1980 to 2012 and the change of factors. It shows that in the long run, the global total income wealth is negatively related to the GINI coefficient and has the greatest influence on the GINI coefficient. The second is the gap of GDP between developed and developing countries and the GINI coefficient in the last period, respectively. In the short term, the total wealth of global income is positively correlated with the GINI coefficient. And is the weakest factor, and the developed country population proportion becomes the biggest influence factor.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F114.41;F113.8

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