财政支出对我国社会代际公平的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 05:45

本文关键词： 代际流动财政支出代际公平　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今社会，家庭资源与财富的不同使得下一代社会成员进入市场时并不是站在同一起点上，而且劳动力市场公平竞争机制的缺失也使得子代社会成员很难通过自身努力实现社会阶层的流动。促进社会阶层的代际流动，实现代际公平，是社会经济发展所应考虑的重要问题，也是政府的一项重要职责。我国现在社会成员之间代际公平程度如何？家庭的资源与财富以何种路径传递给下一代？对于社会成员的子代在各类资源的获取和社会地位的实现过程中，，家庭背景起到怎样的作用？政府的财政支出水平、政策制定等宏观层面的因素对于提高社会代际流动性会有多大的影响？本文将对这些问题展开了系统研究。首先，本文使用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）数据库提供的家庭住户调查数据和成人调查数据，选取家庭中父亲和儿子的受教育年限、收入水平、职业等指标，来衡量家庭背景和子代社会地位两个潜变量，建立结构方程模型，设计家庭资源与财富传递的路径图，分析得出：我国现阶段代际公平程度较低，特别是湖南、广西、贵州等内陆地区的代际公平程度远低于江苏、山东等沿海地区，体现了我国社会代际公平程度的地区间差异。其次，本文分析评价了财政支出对社会成员起点公平的调节效果，实证结果表明教育支出、医疗卫生支出以及社会保障与就业支出对社会的代际公平有十分明显的促进作用，财政支出在促进社会成员代际公平方面达到了一定的效果，促使社会各阶层之间的流动。最后，本文提出了旨在提高我国社会代际公平程度，促进社会阶层的代际流动的一些建议，包括建立公平竞争的劳动力市场机制以及优化政府财政支出规模与结构。
[Abstract]:In today's society, the difference between family resources and wealth makes the next generation of social members to enter the market is not standing at the same starting point. And the lack of fair competition mechanism of labor market makes it difficult for the social members to realize the mobility of social strata through their own efforts to promote the intergenerational mobility of social strata and realize intergenerational equity. Social and economic development is an important issue to consider, but also an important responsibility of the government. What is the degree of intergenerational equity among the members of our society now? In what way is the family's resources and wealth transmitted to the next generation? What role does the family background play in the process of obtaining all kinds of resources and realizing social status for the children of social members? How will the macro factors such as the level of government expenditure and policy formulation affect the intergenerational mobility of society? This paper will carry out a systematic study of these problems. Firstly, the data of household survey and adult survey provided by China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) database are used to select the years of education and income level of father and son in the family. Occupation and other indicators to measure the family background and the social status of children two potential variables, establish a structural equation model, design family resources and wealth transfer path map, analysis: at present, the degree of intergenerational equity in China is relatively low. Especially in Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou and other inland areas, the degree of intergenerational equity is much lower than that in Jiangsu, Shandong and other coastal areas, which reflects the regional differences in the degree of social intergenerational equity. This paper analyzes and evaluates the effect of fiscal expenditure on the adjustment of social members' starting point equity, and the empirical results show that education expenditure. Medical and health expenditure, social security and employment expenditure have a very obvious role in promoting social intergenerational equity, fiscal expenditure has achieved a certain effect in promoting social members' intergenerational equity. Finally, this paper puts forward some suggestions aimed at improving the degree of intergenerational equity and promoting the intergenerational mobility of social strata in China. It includes establishing fair competition labor market mechanism and optimizing the scale and structure of government expenditure.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F224;F124.7;F812.45

【相似文献】