政府效率、社会决策机制和再分配偏好——基于中国被试的实验经济学研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 23:29

本文选题：再分配偏好　切入点：政府效率　出处：《管理世界》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：微观个体的再分配偏好是再分配政策制定以及实施的核心环节。本文利用实验方法,参照我国社会居民收入分配的情况,设计了一个包含不同收入阶层的实验室社会,要求被试在未知和已知自身收入这两种情况下就社会税率水平进行表决。实验设定了不同的政府效率水平,引入了多数原则、随机选择社会决策者以及有中国背景的"民主集中制"这3种社会决策机制,检验其对再分配偏好的影响。实验结果显示,随着政府效率的提高,税收带来社会净福利的增加,个体的再分配偏好随之提高;与多数原则相比,随机选择社会决策者和民主集中制这两种机制能诱发个体更高的再分配偏好。实验结果还表明,在个体收入揭示之后,个体的再分配偏好强烈依赖于其所处的收入等级,呈现明显的自利动机;政府效率和社会决策机制对再分配偏好的影响在高收入群体和低收入群体中也存在显著的差异。实验发现,除了自利动机之外,高收入的被试体现出不平等厌恶,低收入被试则体现出对初始收入不平等的容忍。本文结论为了解中国个体的再分配偏好特征提供了依据。
[Abstract]:The redistribution preference of micro individuals is the core link in the formulation and implementation of redistribution policy. This paper designs a laboratory society which includes different income classes by using experimental methods and referring to the situation of income distribution of social residents in China. The subjects were asked to vote on the level of social tax rates in both cases of unknown and known income. The experiment set different levels of government efficiency and introduced the principle of majority. Random selection of social decision makers and "democratic centralism", three social decision-making mechanisms with Chinese background, are used to test their influence on redistribution preferences. The experimental results show that with the increase of government efficiency, tax revenue brings about an increase in social net welfare. Compared with the majority principle, the two mechanisms of random selection of social decision makers and democratic centralism can induce higher redistribution preferences of individuals. The experimental results also show that, after the individual income is revealed, The individual's redistribution preference strongly depends on his income grade and presents obvious self-interest motivation. The influence of government efficiency and social decision-making mechanism on redistribution preference was also significantly different between the high-income group and the low-income group. The experiment found that, in addition to self-interest motivation, the high-income subjects showed unequal aversion. Low-income subjects show tolerance to initial income inequality. This conclusion provides a basis for understanding the characteristics of individual redistribution preferences in China.
【作者单位】：上海外国语大学国际工商管理学院;浙江大学金融研究院;中国人民大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年项目(项目批准号:71303210)的阶段性研究成果之一
【分类号】：F124.7

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