浅谈生态消费

发布时间：2018-03-13 13:08

本文选题：消费　切入点：生态消费　出处：《首都师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类社会的发展是一个文明替代另一个文明的过程,而不同的文明孕育了不同的生产方式和消费方式。原始社会、农业社会、工业社会都有着与其生产生活方式相适应的消费方式,随着社会经济的不断发展,生态消费方式伴随着生态文明时代的到来而到来。无论是从消费的角度研究生态,还是从生态的角度探究消费,都是一个全新的视角,在当今社会,消费比以往任何时代都变得异常重要,不再只是生产决定消费,而更多的是有什么样的消费就有什么样的生产,也会产生什么样的环境影响和生态变化,消费主导着一切,我们已经进入了一个消费引领社会的时代,而消费问题即是生态环境问题的核心,对此问题的研究将会对构建我国生态文明建设具有重要的理论和实践意义。第一部分,与本论文相关的概念。本论文先后解释了消费的概念,消费与环境之间的关系,可持续消费、绿色消费、低碳消费等概念,又阐述了生态消费的基本特征如生态性、可持续性、全面性、无污染性等,将生态消费的出现做了一个脉络分析。在农业文明时期人类习惯于勤俭节约的生活方式,工业文明时期,人类逐渐通过消费来表现自己,消费不再是原来单纯的满足自身生活必需品,而逐渐转为展示自己的一种形式或者工具。所以,面对当前我们所处的环境,如何能将消费和生态很好的结合起来,是一个重要的课题。第二部分,论述了倡导生态消费模式的理论背景与支撑。本文从马克思生态消费观、消费经济学、生态伦理学、可持续发展理论等理论来支撑生态消费,并运用著名消费经济学家尹世杰的相关理论：从生态需要着眼,以生态环境为依托,生态产业为基础,生态文化为亮点,从这四方面来阐述生态消费的至关重要性,进而从主体生态观、辩证生态观角度来说明消费在生态观中的作用；在实践方面,生态消费对生态文明的建设,社会生产的生态化,人的多样化发展等都有推动作用。第三部分,在生态文明建设过程中,存在有益于生态文明的积极向上的方面,也有诸多不利于生态和谐的消费方式,我国发展生态消费面临的挑战：消费主义盛行、消费升级带来更大的生态压力、制度缺失依然是发展生态消费的重大约束、生态消费品市场管理体制有待完善和规范。同时文章分析了在我国生态文明建设过程中存在不良消费方式的原因：中国传统消费观念的影响、西方消费主义带给我国国民的消极影响,人们过于依赖科技而盲目乐观的过度消费,忽视生态环境,企业粗放型的生产方式,大众传媒给消费者引向了一种错误的消费观。第四部分,论述了积极创建生态消费模式的基本思路和路径选择。主要从三大层面来分析：观念意识层面、制度层面和科技层面。通过培养全民生态意识,树立生态消费观念,制定生态消费教育制度；健全环保执法制度,将生态科学技术体系和生态产业联系在一起,运用政府的力量引导大众传媒,进而影响民众的消费抉择。
[Abstract]:The development of human society is a process of civilization instead of a civilization, and different civilizations brought different ways of production and consumption. In primitive society, agricultural society, industrial society has its production and life style to adapt to the consumption pattern, with the continuous development of social economy, the ecological consumption mode with ecological the arrival of the era of civilization and arrival. It is the study of ecology from the consumer point of view, or from the ecological perspective of consumption, is a new perspective in today's society, consumption than in any previous era has become very important, not only production determines consumption, and more is what kind of consumption is what like the production, will produce what kind of environmental impact and ecological changes, consumption dominates everything, we have entered a consumption led society, while the consumption problem is the ecological environment At the core of the problem, the study of this problem will be of great theoretical and practical significance to the construction of ecological civilization in China.
The first part, the concept associated with this thesis. This thesis has explained the concept of consumption, the relationship between consumption and environment, sustainable consumption, green consumption, low-carbon consumption concept, and expounds the basic characteristics of ecological consumption such as ecological, sustainable, comprehensive, non pollution, ecological will appear the consumer made a contextual analysis. In the agriculture civilization of human in the habit of thrifty life style, during the period of industrial civilization, human beings gradually to express themselves through consumption, consumption is no longer the original meet the necessities of life, and gradually to show their form or tools. So, in the face of the us the environment, how can the ecological consumption and a very good combination, is an important issue.
The second part discusses the theoretical background and support advocacy of ecological consumption mode. This paper from the Marx ecological consumption concept, consumption economics, ecological ethics, sustainable development theory and other theories to support the ecological consumption, and the use of related famous economist Yin Shijie consumption theory: from the ecological need to focus, to the ecological environment based on ecological industry base, ecological and cultural highlights, to elaborate the importance of ecological consumption from these four aspects, and then from the main ecological concept and the ecological concept of dialectical perspective to illustrate the role of consumption in ecological view; in practice, the construction of ecological consumption of ecological civilization, ecological social production, people have to promote diversified development role.
The third part, in the process of the construction of ecological civilization, ecological civilization are beneficial to the positive aspects, there are many not conducive to harmonious ecological consumption, ecological consumption in our country is facing the development challenges: the prevalence of consumerism, consumption upgrade brings greater ecological pressure, lack of system is still a major constraint on the development of ecological consumption and ecological the consumer market management system needs to be improved and standardized. At the same time, this paper analyzes the reason of the poor consumption patterns in the process of ecological civilization construction in China: the impact of Chinese traditional consumption concept, western consumption bring negative influence of our national doctrine, people are too dependent on science and technology and the blind optimism of excessive consumption, ignoring the ecological environment, enterprise the extensive mode of production, the mass media to give consumers a wrong view of consumption.
The fourth part discusses the basic ideas and path to actively create ecological consumption patterns. Mainly from three aspects: the analysis of the level of consciousness, the system level and the level of science and technology. Through the cultivation of national ecological consciousness, establish the ecological consumption concept, develop the ecological consumption education system; perfect the environmental protection law enforcement system, the ecological system of science and technology and the ecological industry together, using the power of the government to guide the mass media, thereby affecting people's consumption choices.

【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X24;F126.1

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