高速铁路对中国城市可达性和区域经济的影响

发布时间：2018-05-11 19:29

本文选题：高铁 + 可达性　；参考：《国际城市规划》2017年04期

【摘要】：高速铁路(高铁)近年来在中国发展迅速,大幅缩短城际、省际客运交通时间,助力地方经济发展。然而目前关于高铁对全国不同区域和不同规模城市的交通和经济影响的差异性尚不明晰。本研究选取266个城市,获取2006年无高铁和2014年高铁网络基本形成的铁路出行时间和GDP数据,从两方面进行研究:其一是比较高铁开通前后266个城市的平均出行时间变化的差异;其二是应用可达性重力模型,用可达性变化来度量高铁对中国区域经济影响的差异。可达性分析在地理信息系统中完成。结果显示高铁影响的双重特性:一方面提高全国可达性的整体水平,尤其是改善西部和中小城市的可达性;另一方面,高铁因其技术特性产生"廊道效应",有高铁城市和廊道沿线城市,其受益远高于无高铁城市,这加大了空间地域发展的不平衡。国家和省、地政府应考虑相应政策措施以减小高铁发展带来的地域差增加等负面影响。
[Abstract]:High-speed railway (high-speed rail) has developed rapidly in China in recent years, greatly shortening the intercity and interprovincial passenger transport time and boosting local economic development. However, the difference of transportation and economic impact of high-speed rail on different regions and cities is not clear. In this study, 266 cities were selected to obtain the railway travel time and GDP data from 2006 and 2014, respectively. The first is to compare the difference of average travel time between 266 cities before and after the opening of high-speed rail. The second is to use the reachability gravity model to measure the difference of the impact of high-speed rail on China's regional economy by using the reachability change. Reachability analysis is done in GIS. The results show that the impact of high-speed rail is dual: on the one hand, improving the overall level of accessibility in the whole country, especially in the western and small cities; on the other hand, High-speed rail has "corridor effect" because of its technical characteristics, there are high-speed rail cities and corridor cities, its benefits are far higher than that of non-high-speed rail cities, which increases the imbalance in the development of spatial regions. National, provincial and local governments should consider appropriate policies and measures to reduce the negative impact of the increase in regional disparities caused by the development of high-speed rail.
【作者单位】：武汉大学城市设计学院;
【基金】：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目“小城市(镇)组群智慧规划建设和综合管理技术集成与示范”(2015BAJ05B00) 江西省高校人文社会科学研究项目(JC1356)共同资助
【分类号】：F127;F299.2;F532

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