国有经济在农业现代化中的作用研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 16:58

【摘要】：党的十八大报告提出：“坚持走中国特色新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化道路，推动信息化和工业化深度融合、工业化和城镇化良性互动、城镇化和农业现代化相互协调，促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展。”农业现代化的重要性再次凸显，没有农业的现代化则没有国家现代化的实现。农业作为第一产业是国民经济的基础，是第二、第三产业发展的根基，是我国经济持续健康快速发展和全面实现小康社会宏伟目标的基本保障。新中国建立后特别是改革开放以来，，我国农业现代化发展取得了长足进步。主要农产品已经由长期短缺到总量平衡、丰年有余；粮食产量近年来连年增产；农业发展方式已由粗放生产逐渐向集约化方向发展；农业机械化水平显著提高等。但是，当前我国农业现代化发展仍然相对滞后、发展后劲不足。农业科技水平低、农业信息化建设落后、农业规模化程度低、人均耕地面积少、农业生态环境恶化、农业国际竞争力不强等问题已成为制约整个国家现代化建设的“瓶颈”。当前，世界各国或多或少的都存在着国有经济成分，无论是在西方发达资本主义国家还是我国，国有经济都发挥着不可替代的作用。国有经济是国家进行宏观调控、提供公共服务、实现国家战略目标的重要手段。在我国农业现代化发展过程中，同样需要国有经济发挥作用。这是坚持公有制主体地位的需要，是第一、二、三产业协调发展的客观要求，是解决“三农”问题的需要，也是由农业基础地位所决定的。基于以上分析，要加快推动农业现代化建设进程，进而实现我国“新四化”的宏伟目标，从根本上解决“三农”问题，光靠农户家庭承包经营不行，只靠集体经济力量不足，仅用个体私营经济补充不够，单靠市场自发调节危险，应充分发挥国有经济在推进农业现代化建设中的重要作用。
[Abstract]:The report of the 18th National Congress of the CPC pointed out: "adhere to the road of new-type industrialization with Chinese characteristics, informatization, urbanization, agricultural modernization, promote the deep integration of informatization and industrialization, and promote benign interaction between industrialization and urbanization," Urbanization and agricultural modernization coordinate each other, promote industrialization, informationization, urbanization, agricultural modernization synchronously develop. " The importance of agricultural modernization is highlighted again, without agricultural modernization, there is no realization of national modernization. As the primary industry, agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, the second and the third industry, and the basic guarantee of the sustained, healthy and rapid development of our economy and the realization of the grand goal of a well-off society in an all-round way. After the establishment of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, China's agricultural modernization has made considerable progress. The main agricultural products have changed from the long-term shortage to the balance of the total amount and surplus in the bumper year; the grain yield has been increased in recent years; the agricultural development mode has gradually developed from extensive production to intensive; and the level of agricultural mechanization has been remarkably improved. However, the current development of agricultural modernization is still relatively lagging behind, lack of stamina. The low level of agricultural science and technology, the backward construction of agricultural information, the low degree of agricultural scale, the small area of per capita cultivated land, the deterioration of agricultural ecological environment and the weak international competitiveness of agriculture have become the "bottleneck" restricting the modernization of the whole country. At present, various countries in the world have more or less state-owned economic elements, whether in the western developed capitalist countries or China, the state-owned economy plays an irreplaceable role. State-owned economy is an important means for the state to carry out macro-control, provide public services and realize the national strategic goals. In our country agriculture modernization development process, also needs the state-owned economy to play a role. This is the need to persist in the dominant position of public ownership, the objective requirement for the coordinated development of the first, second, and third industries, the need to solve the problem of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers", and the decision made by the basic position of agriculture. Based on the above analysis, we should speed up the process of promoting the modernization of agriculture, and then realize the grand goal of the "new four modernizations" in our country, and fundamentally solve the "three rural areas, rural areas and farmers" problem. It is not possible to rely solely on the household contract management of the peasant households, and only rely on the strength of the collective economy. The supplement of individual and private economy is not enough, and the market alone adjusts the danger spontaneously, so we should give full play to the important role of the state-owned economy in promoting the modernization of agriculture.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F320.1;F121.21

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