基于EKC理论三大效应研究甘肃省经济发展过程中的环境问题

发布时间：2018-10-22 06:45

【摘要】：本文通过相关研究学者对经济发展的理论研究为出发点，首先简单介绍环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）的相关内容，它是以人均收入与环境污染指标之间的发展关系为中心，围绕他们的关系阐明经济发展对环境污染程度的影响，即在经济发展过程中，环境状况先恶化再逐步改善，其理论解释是围绕规模效应、结构效应与技术效应三个方面展开的。规模效应体现在经济发展和环境问题的关系上，搜集甘肃省近二十多年来工业“三废”排放数据，以其作为环境指标，，再以人均GDP作为经济发展指标，在环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）的基础上，对两者的关系进行研究，观察两者之间的相关曲线形状是否符合之前我们所预想的倒U型EKC曲线，结果发现废气、废渣同经济发展之间都是直线型关系，且随着经济的发展逐步上升，这种产业结构对生态环境会产生异常严峻的胁迫；废水与经济发展呈正U型关系，说明废水治理之前取得良好成效，但近年来又有死灰复燃的迹象，应加大措施治理。通过对环境问题和经济发展的探讨分析，找出两者之间存在的问题并提出建议。又由于环境污染在伴随经济增长变动的同时往往呈现出产业特征，简单的说，劳动密集型和资源技术密集型的产业对环境的污染程度是截然不同的。而且结构效应和技术效应都与经济发展中产业结构的特征有关系。基于此再对产业结构的变动进行研究，主要运用同时期的三大产业增加值和环境污染治理投资进行实证分析，并对结论加以补充说明。通过几方面的研究说明提出关于推进甘肃省经济发展和产业结构优化的思路和政策，为后续政策的研究提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:In this paper, based on the theoretical research of economic development, this paper briefly introduces the content of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), which is centered on the development relationship between per capita income and environmental pollution index. The influence of economic development on the degree of environmental pollution is explained around their relationship. In the process of economic development, the environmental conditions deteriorate first and then improve gradually. The theoretical explanation is based on three aspects: scale effect, structural effect and technical effect. The scale effect is reflected in the relationship between economic development and environmental problems. In recent twenty years, the discharge data of industrial "three wastes" in Gansu Province have been collected, which are regarded as environmental indicators and GDP per capita as economic development indicators. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), the relationship between the two curves was studied, and the shape of the correlation curve between them was observed to be in accordance with the inverted U-shaped EKC curve, the results showed that the exhaust gas, The relationship between waste residue and economic development is linear, and with the development of economy, the industrial structure will produce severe stress on the ecological environment, and the waste water and economic development have a positive U type relationship. It shows that good results have been achieved before wastewater treatment, but there are signs of resurgence in recent years, and measures should be strengthened. Through the discussion and analysis of environmental problems and economic development, the problems between them are found out and some suggestions are put forward. Since environmental pollution often presents industrial characteristics with the change of economic growth, in short, the pollution degree of labor-intensive and resource-technology-intensive industries to the environment is very different. And the structure effect and the technical effect have relation with the characteristic of the industrial structure in the economic development. Based on this, this paper studies the changes of industrial structure, mainly using the three industrial value-added and environmental pollution control investment in the same period to carry out empirical analysis, and to supplement the conclusion. This paper puts forward some ideas and policies to promote the economic development and industrial structure optimization of Gansu Province through several aspects of research, which provides the theoretical basis for the further study of policy.
【学位授予单位】：兰州商学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X22;F127

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