山东省农村劳动力转移与经济增长关系分析

发布时间：2018-10-29 15:32

【摘要】：农村劳动力转移问题早在劳动力转移之初就受到众多学者关注，而现在农村劳动力转移问题依然还是当今学者、社会民众普遍关注的热门问题，目前众多学者深入研究该领域的各个方面,且都取得了颇丰的学术成果。从研究角度与研究成果数量来看，学者们主要关注以下问题，劳动力转移后农民收入问题和劳动力转移对城乡收入差距问题；农村劳动力转移与贫困的问题；农村劳动力转移对农村人力资本开发的影响问题。而对于农村劳动力转移与经济增长之间关系的问题还很少涉及，一般学者更注重劳动力转移对当地农业经济影响问题的研究，对于以省为单位进行劳动力转移与经济增长关系的分析涉及的不多。农村劳动力转移的实质是资源重新配置的过程，资源再配置的过程不仅仅只是劳动力这一生产要素的流动，它其实还同时带动了除劳动力外其他多种生产要素在经济活动中的流通配置，，使各生产要素在流动的过程中进行优化配置达到经济的增长。本文运用文献研究法和定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法，对农村劳动力转移与经济增长关系这一领域的研究进行整理分析，立足于山东省在二元经济下现实的劳动力转移状况，利用并对柯布—道格拉斯生产模型进行扩展，引进劳动转移率及人力资本两个新的变量，建立农村劳动力转移与经济增长关系之间的模型。以农村劳动力转移的角度为如何促进山东省经济增长提供一些建议。运用Eviwes软件利用山东省1980-2012年的数据进行实证分析，得出自变量与因变量之间具有线性关系且四个自变量的系数皆显著。对于新引进的自变量，劳动转移率的系数为正并且与经济增长关系显著这一结果证明：山东省的劳动力转移对山东省的经济增长发挥了重大的作用，山东省在今后可以通过，加大力度推动省内大量的农村劳动力从农业部门顺利转移出，来满足山东省的经济发展的需要。本文同时提出，山东省应该增加对第三产业的投资注重第三产业的发展速度，来提高从农村出来的劳动力的就业机会进而促进山东省的经济增长；改进山东省的户籍制度推进农村劳动力转移；加大山东省农村人力资本投资，增强农村劳动力的市场竞争力等方面的建议。在劳动力转移与经济增长关系方面的研究，一般是将我国整体作为研究对象，本论文不同之处就是将山东省看作一个封闭的环境，以省为研究对象进行农村劳动力转移与经济增长关系的分析。经济系统是非常复杂的，是由很多因素共同影响经济增长，按照上述的假设条件建立的模型，是对影响因素进行简化后所得出的结论就会过于简单，因此本论文的模型所得出的结果就会和现实有一定的偏差，这是本论文的不足之处。
[Abstract]:The problem of rural labor force transfer has been concerned by many scholars as early as the beginning of labor force transfer, but now the problem of rural labor force transfer is still a hot issue for scholars and the general public. At present, many scholars deeply study all aspects of this field, and have made considerable academic achievements. From the perspective of research and the quantity of research results, scholars mainly pay attention to the following issues: the income of farmers after labor transfer and the income gap between urban and rural areas, the problem of rural labor transfer and poverty; The influence of rural labor force transfer on the development of rural human capital. However, the relationship between rural labor force transfer and economic growth is rarely involved, and the general scholars pay more attention to the study of the impact of labor force transfer on the local agricultural economy. The analysis of the relationship between labor force transfer and economic growth based on province is not much involved. The essence of rural labor force transfer is the process of resource redistribution, and the process of resource redistribution is not only the flow of labor force as a factor of production. In fact, it also promotes the distribution of other factors of production in economic activities besides the labor force, so that the optimal allocation of the factors of production in the process of flow to achieve economic growth. This paper analyzes the relationship between the transfer of rural labor force and economic growth by using the methods of literature research and qualitative and quantitative analysis. Based on the reality of labor force transfer in the dual economy of Shandong Province, this paper uses and expands the Cobb-Douglas production model to introduce two new variables of labor transfer rate and human capital. A model of the relationship between rural labor force transfer and economic growth is established. This paper provides some suggestions on how to promote the economic growth of Shandong Province from the angle of rural labor force transfer. Eviwes software is used to analyze the data of Shandong Province from 1980 to 2012. It is concluded that there is a linear relationship between independent variables and dependent variables and the coefficients of four independent variables are significant. For the newly introduced independent variables, the coefficient of labor transfer rate is positive and has a significant relationship with economic growth. The result proves that the labor force transfer of Shandong Province has played an important role in the economic growth of Shandong Province, and the labor transfer rate of Shandong Province can be adopted in the future. Increasing efforts to promote the smooth transfer of a large number of rural labor from the agricultural sector to meet the needs of economic development in Shandong Province. At the same time, this paper puts forward that Shandong Province should increase investment in the tertiary industry and pay attention to the development speed of the tertiary industry, in order to improve the employment opportunities of the labor force from rural areas and promote the economic growth of Shandong Province. To improve the household registration system of Shandong Province to promote the transfer of rural labor force, to increase the investment of rural human capital in Shandong Province, to enhance the competitiveness of rural labor market, and so on. The research on the relationship between labor force transfer and economic growth generally regards our country as a whole as an object of study. The difference of this paper is that Shandong Province is regarded as a closed environment. The relationship between rural labor force transfer and economic growth is analyzed with province as the research object. The economic system is very complex, and many factors affect economic growth together. The model, which is based on the hypothetical conditions mentioned above, is to simplify the influence factors, and the conclusion will be too simple. Therefore, the results of the model will deviate from the reality, which is the deficiency of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.6;F124.1

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