战后日本经济复兴中的美国因素
发布时间：2019-06-21 21:06
【摘要】：在第二次世界大战中,美国扔在广岛和长崎的两颗原子弹,彻底击垮了日本“一亿玉碎”的决心,从而便终结了罪恶的二战。遭受轰炸的日本,在内外交困之下,宣布无条件投降。战败的日本,满目疮痍,极度萧条,经济处在崩溃的边缘,对外经济关系也陷入了瘫痪的状态。虽然日本本土遭到了重大打击,但工业化的人力和技术基础仍然存在,战后短短的十年,日本的经济迅速恢复和发展,完成了经济的复兴。探究其原因,无例外地是内部因素和外部因素共同作用的结果,而在战后日本经济复兴过程中,作为外部因素的美国发挥了重要的作用。战后东亚格局的重塑给战后日本经济的复兴提供了良机。得益于美国战略的需要,日本战败后,为了使日本不再成为对美国及世界和平的威胁,美国占领当局在政治、经济、社会、文化等方面推行了一系列“非军事化”、“民主化”改革。可以说,改革不仅奠定了此后十几年的日本社会基本格局,更为日本经济的恢复和发展创造了有利条件。而进入1947以后,反法西斯阵营的美苏两国对峙形成了冷战局势,随着美国战略的调整,美国对日政策也发生了重大转变,帮助日本实现经济复兴成为美国对日的首要目标。而此后朝鲜战争的爆发,美国将日本作为军事“后勤基地”,给日本经济带来了特需繁荣,极大地促进了日本的经济复兴。本文主要考察1945-1955年这十年间美国在日本经济复兴过程中的具体表现,探究美国对战后日本经济复兴的重要作用。
[Abstract]:In the second World War, the two atomic bombs thrown by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki completely destroyed Japan's determination to "100 million jade fragments," thus ending the sinful World War II. The bombed Japan, trapped at home and abroad, announced its unconditional surrender. Defeated Japan, devastated, extremely depressed, the economy is on the verge of collapse, foreign economic relations are also paralyzed. Although Japan has been hit hard, the human and technological basis of industrialization still exists. In the short decade after the war, Japan's economy recovered and developed rapidly and completed its economic revival. To explore the reasons, without exception, is the result of the joint action of internal and external factors, and the United States, as an external factor, played an important role in the process of Japan's economic recovery after the war. The reconstruction of the pattern of East Asia after the war provided a good opportunity for the revival of the Japanese economy after the war. Thanks to the need of American strategy, after Japan's defeat, in order to stop Japan from becoming a threat to the United States and world peace, the American occupation authorities carried out a series of "demilitarization" and "democratization" reforms in politics, economy, society, culture and so on. It can be said that the reform not only laid the basic pattern of Japanese society for more than ten years, but also created favorable conditions for the recovery and development of Japanese economy. After entering 1947, the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in the anti-fascist camp formed the situation of the Cold War. With the adjustment of the strategy of the United States, the policy of the United States towards Japan has also undergone a major change, helping Japan to achieve economic recovery has become the primary goal of the United States towards Japan. Since the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States has used Japan as a military "logistics base", which has brought special prosperity to the Japanese economy and greatly promoted Japan's economic recovery. This paper mainly examines the concrete performance of the United States in the process of Japanese economic recovery from 1945 to 1955, and explores the important role of the United States in Japan's economic recovery after the war.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F131.3;F171.2
本文编号：2504350
[Abstract]:In the second World War, the two atomic bombs thrown by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki completely destroyed Japan's determination to "100 million jade fragments," thus ending the sinful World War II. The bombed Japan, trapped at home and abroad, announced its unconditional surrender. Defeated Japan, devastated, extremely depressed, the economy is on the verge of collapse, foreign economic relations are also paralyzed. Although Japan has been hit hard, the human and technological basis of industrialization still exists. In the short decade after the war, Japan's economy recovered and developed rapidly and completed its economic revival. To explore the reasons, without exception, is the result of the joint action of internal and external factors, and the United States, as an external factor, played an important role in the process of Japan's economic recovery after the war. The reconstruction of the pattern of East Asia after the war provided a good opportunity for the revival of the Japanese economy after the war. Thanks to the need of American strategy, after Japan's defeat, in order to stop Japan from becoming a threat to the United States and world peace, the American occupation authorities carried out a series of "demilitarization" and "democratization" reforms in politics, economy, society, culture and so on. It can be said that the reform not only laid the basic pattern of Japanese society for more than ten years, but also created favorable conditions for the recovery and development of Japanese economy. After entering 1947, the confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union in the anti-fascist camp formed the situation of the Cold War. With the adjustment of the strategy of the United States, the policy of the United States towards Japan has also undergone a major change, helping Japan to achieve economic recovery has become the primary goal of the United States towards Japan. Since the outbreak of the Korean War, the United States has used Japan as a military "logistics base", which has brought special prosperity to the Japanese economy and greatly promoted Japan's economic recovery. This paper mainly examines the concrete performance of the United States in the process of Japanese economic recovery from 1945 to 1955, and explores the important role of the United States in Japan's economic recovery after the war.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F131.3;F171.2
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