论无效的票据保证

发布时间：2018-02-23 17:43

本文关键词： 票据保证生效要件从属性独立性抗辩权　出处：《吉林大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：保证在民事法律关系中存在已久，并且发挥着增强信用、促进流通的重要职能。民法上的保证也可用来担保票据债务的履行，但由于票据文义性与流通性的特点，这样的方式不是很方便。为了适应票据的特点，我国票据法为票据债务的履行提供了票据的保证制度，被称为票据法上的保证，简称票据保证。票据保证制度，如今已是国际上通行的一项重要的票据制度。设立这项制度的目的就在于为票据债务的履行提供担保，从而保障票据债权人的利益,并降低票据交易的风险、增强票据流通的信用，最终促进票据的使用和流通。因此，研究票据保证制度具有非常重要的意义。但笔者发现，目前我国票据法理论界对票据保证制度的研究，尤其是无效的票据保证这一块尚存在研究上的真空地带。因此，本论文的选题价值就源于此。本文采取比较、分析的方法，以民法上的保证制度和票据行为的基本理论为基础，结合国内外立法实践同我国现行票据法立法之比较，选取“无效的票据保证”这一视角来深入探究票据保证制度，并从票据保证的生效要件入手，以票据保证的从属性和独立性此双重属性为主线，对票据保证的无效情形以及票据保证无效后票据保证人的权与责等进行探讨，并以此反思我国现行的票据保证制度，，希望寻得既切合我国发展实际又符合当今国际发展趋势的完善之策，笔者也更希望能够通过自己的一些拙见对于解决我国当前票据法领域的司法实务问题贡献微薄之力。围绕这一目的，本文分为四个章节展开分析与论述：一票据保证的成立。本部分主要介绍了票据保证成立的生效要件，并分成形式要件和实质要件来详细论述，还介绍了两种实务中常见的特殊保证，并分析了两种特殊保证的效力，为下面论述无效的票据保证的情形做铺垫。二影响票据保证的效力的因素。该部分论述了票据保证的两大属性各自对票据保证效力的影响，由于票据保证的从属性和独立性是研究整个票据保证制度的基础，也是展开全篇论述、分析问题的基本要求，唯此才既能满足民事交往、商贸流通对于交易安全、交易信用的追求，又能够在政策法规上显示出对于票据债务债务人权益的保护。三无效的票据保证的情形。根据前两部分详细论述，为此部分论述无效的票据保证情形提供了清晰的思路，针对有效的票据保证可以很容易的推出无效的情形。四票据保证无效的法律后果。票据保证无效后当然会产生相应的法律后果，此部分就从票据保证人责任的义务和保证人的抗辩权这两个角度来论述票据保证无效后的法律后果问题。
[Abstract]:The guarantee has existed in the civil legal relationship for a long time, and plays an important role in strengthening credit and promoting circulation. The guarantee in civil law can also be used to guarantee the performance of the debt of negotiable instruments, but due to the characteristics of the meaning and circulation of the instruments, This method is not very convenient. In order to adapt to the characteristics of the bill, our country's negotiable instrument law provides the negotiable instrument guarantee system for the performance of the bill debt, which is called the negotiable instrument law guarantee. It is now an important international instrument system established to guarantee the performance of the debt of the instrument, thereby safeguarding the interests of the creditors of the instrument and reducing the risk of the transaction of the instrument. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the negotiable instrument guarantee system. However, the author finds that the current research on the bill guarantee system in the theoretical circle of negotiable instrument law in our country is very important. In particular, the void bill guarantee is still a vacuum in the research. Therefore, the value of this thesis is derived from this. This article adopts the method of comparison and analysis, based on the basic theory of civil law guarantee system and bill behavior, and combines the domestic and foreign legislative practice with the current legislation of negotiable instrument law of our country. From the perspective of "invalid negotiable instrument guarantee", this paper probes deeply into the bill guarantee system, starting with the effective requirements of the bill guarantee, taking the dual attribute of the bill guarantee as the main line, that is, the subordinate attribute and the independence of the bill guarantee. This paper probes into the invalid situation of negotiable instrument guarantee and the rights and responsibilities of the guarantor of bill after the invalidation of bill guarantee, so as to reflect on the present bill guarantee system in our country. I hope to find a perfect strategy which is in line with the actual development of our country as well as the current international development trend. The author also hopes to make a modest contribution to the solution of the judicial practice problems in the field of current negotiable instrument law through some of my own humble opinions. Around this purpose, this paper is divided into four chapters to analyze and discuss:. This part mainly introduces the effective requirements of the establishment of negotiable instrument guarantee, and discusses it in detail into formal and substantive elements, and also introduces two kinds of common special guarantees in practice. It also analyzes the validity of two special warranties, which lays the groundwork for the situation of invalid negotiable instruments guarantee. This part discusses the influence of the two properties of the negotiable instrument guarantee on the validity of the bill guarantee, because the subordinate attribute and the independence of the bill guarantee are the basis of the study of the whole bill guarantee system. This is the only way to meet the needs of civil communication, the pursuit of trade security and trading credit, and the protection of the rights and interests of the debtor of bill debt in terms of policies and regulations. According to the first two parts of the detailed discussion, this part discusses the invalid bill guarantee situation to provide a clear idea, for the effective bill guarantee can be very easy to launch invalid situation. (4) the legal consequences of the invalidation of a negotiable instrument guarantee. Of course, if the bill guarantee is invalid, it will have corresponding legal consequences. This part discusses the legal consequences of the invalidation of negotiable instrument guarantee from the point of view of the obligation of the guarantor and the right of defense of the guarantor.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.287

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