台湾地区的民主化问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 07:06

本文选题：台湾地区　切入点：民主化　出处：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：上世纪70年代末，台湾地区国民党一党独裁的体制开始解冻，进入80年代，台湾地区开启了民主化政治改革。相对于国民党的一党独裁，民主化推进了台湾地区的政治文明发展。然而，，主要模仿美国模式的台湾地区的民主化，也日渐暴露出其“民主”的另一面。研究台湾地区的民主化问题，有助于深化对西方民主的批判性认识。本文关于台湾地区民主化的研究包括三大部分。第一部分，阐述了台湾地区民主化的背景和过程。上世纪60年代起台湾地区的经济开始起飞，经济的发展导致社会阶层的变迁，党外势力和中产阶级强烈渴望参与政治，反对国民党的专制统治。世界格局的变动，中华人民共和国国力的显著提升和在外交上的胜利，迫使国民党当局承受着来自大陆和美国的双向压力，“政权”合法性严重受损。政治、经济、社会等各方面的综合影响推动台湾地区开启了民主化改革。第二部分，分析了台湾地区民主化存在的主要问题。台湾地区长期存在的族群矛盾不仅没有在民主化过程中得到妥善解决，反而愈演愈烈，成为“台独”势力反对“一个中国”，撕裂国家认同的工具。整个社会对于选举的狂热使台湾地区的民主化有被民粹主义绑架的危险，政客们为了选票不惜与利益集团甚至黑道势力勾结，“黑金”政治、贿选与地方派系相互交织。第三部分，对台湾地区民主化的另一面进行了反思。台湾地区的民主化过于强调选举的形式，陷入了“选举主义”的困境。在西方资本主义土壤中形成的“美式民主”在台湾地区“水土不服”，经济衰退、社会对立、政治腐败等问题使得台湾地区的民主发展严重扭曲变形。台湾地区民主化出现的问题也从另一个角度表明，中国大陆走社会主义民主政治发展之路是具有历史必然性和现实合理性的。
[Abstract]:At the end of -30s, the KMT one-party dictatorship in Taiwan began to thaw. In 80s, the Taiwan region began democratic political reform. Compared with the KMT one-party dictatorship, Democratization has promoted the development of political civilization in Taiwan. However, the democratization of Taiwan, which mainly mimics the US model, is also gradually exposing another aspect of its "democracy." to study the issue of democratization in Taiwan, It is helpful to deepen the critical understanding of western democracy. The first part expounds the background and process of democratization in Taiwan. Since -40s, Taiwan's economy has taken off. Economic development has led to social class changes, and the non-Party forces and the middle class are eager to participate in politics. Against the authoritarian rule of the Kuomintang, the change in the world pattern, the remarkable increase in the national strength of the people's Republic of China and its diplomatic victory, Forcing the Kuomintang authorities to bear the two-way pressure from the mainland and the United States, the legitimacy of the "regime" is seriously damaged. The second part analyzes the main problems existing in democratization in Taiwan. The long-standing ethnic conflicts in Taiwan have not been properly resolved in the process of democratization, but have become more and more serious. It has become a tool for "Taiwan independence" forces to oppose "one China" and tear apart national identity. The entire society's enthusiasm for elections has put the democratization of the Taiwan region at risk of being kidnapped by populism. Politicians collude with interest groups and even mafia for votes, black gold politics, bribery and local factions. The third part reflects on the other side of democratization in the Taiwan region. Democratization in the Taiwan region places too much emphasis on the form of election. "American-style democracy" formed in the soil of western capitalism has become "unreceptive" in Taiwan, with an economic recession and social antagonism. Political corruption and other issues have seriously distorted the development of democracy in Taiwan. The problems of democratization in Taiwan also show from another angle. It is historical inevitability and realistic rationality for mainland China to take the road of socialist democratic politics development.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D675.8

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